The management of the animal and the specific environment at the time the behaviour is shown
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Define internal factor
The animal's physiological and psychological state
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Define genetics in animal behaviour
The influence of nature
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What do genetics provide?
The blueprint for the behaviour of the individual
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What are the 3 levels of genetics
Species - typical behaviour - describes behavioures which define a dog as a dog and cat as a cat, breed characteristics e.g vocalization, individual characteristics
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Define environment in animal behaviour
The influence of nurture
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What are other environmental influences?
Over stressing the animal by over exposure, drug therapy and diet
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A dog may still regard you as a threat and act in a defensive or aggressive manner?
A previous bad experience at the vets, generalised fear of strangers and pain/or anxiety
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What are general guidelines for approaching a dog?
Slow, calm approach, allow them to come to you, crouch down to their level, allow them space do not back into a corner, avoid touching the scruff - use a slip lead, do not make continuous eye contact
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How would you lift a large dog?
2 or more people, ensure dogs head is controlled and dog is well supported
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How would you handle small dogs and cats?
Control head with one arm, support body with other arm (around rump or abdomen)
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What are some causes of aggression in animals?
Dominance, possessiveness - territorial, food, owner, fear, pain, maternal protection, breed predisposition - guard dogs, too much restraint, sensory disorder
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What breeds of dog are more predisposed to aggressiveness, either due to their job, their breeding or other factors?
Collies, rottweilers, dobermans, german shepherds, pit bull terriers, small lap dogs and JRT's
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What equipment could be used for handling/restraint aggressive patients?
Dogs- muzzles, dog catcher, towels, buster collar Cats- muzzles, cat bags, crush cage, towels, nets, gauntlets and cat catchers
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What are some common causes for stress and discomfort?
Hospital environment, change of routine, near predators, pain/feels ill, seperation anxiety, noise, sensory (old, blind, deaf), past trauma, cycling females, not in group if social species
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What are general signs of pain and stress?
Change in body posture, isolation, restlessness, vocalisation, changes in sleep pattern, urinating/defecating abnormally, panting, self - mutilation, change in behaviouR
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Indications of stress of horses?
Pacing, weaving - learning one front foot to another while swinging its head, wing sucking (arches its neck and swallows a gulp of air), crib biting/cribbing
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Blindness - how might this impact on patient behaviour?
Anxious.stressed. bumping into objects, confused/disorientated, increased aggression/anxiety
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What nursing considerations should be made for blind patients?
Suitable sized kennel, keep control/slow+calm, gentle/reassurance, keep objects, use their name (soft voice), no sudden movement, familiar smell
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Deafness- how might this impact on patient behaviour?
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