Group 7 - The Halogens

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  • Created by: joshd
  • Created on: 01-04-14 19:56
What are Group 7 elements known as?
Halogens.
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What do all halogens have?
7 electrons in their outer shell, so they have got similar properties.
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What is chlorine at room temperature?
A fairly reactive, poisonous, dense green gas.
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What is bromine at room temperature?
A dense, poisonous, orange liquid.
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What is iodine at room temperature?
A dark grey crystalline solid.
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What do halogens react with to form what? Give an example
With metals to form salts called metal halides. - (e.g. - 2Al(s) + 3Cl2(g) = 2AlCl3(s) (Aluminium chloride)
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What can halogens also react with to form what? Give an example.
With hydrogen to form hydrogen halides. For example, chlorine reacts with hydrogen to form hydrogen chlorine GAS.
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Describe a hydrogen halide property. Give an example.
They are soluble - they dissolve in water to form acidic solutions. (e.g, hydrogen chlorine gas can be dissolved in water to make hydrochloric acid)
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Describe the trend with Group 7 elements.
The higher up Group 7 an element is, the more reactive it is. This is because the outer shell is nearer to the nucleus, so the pull from the positive nucleus is greater which attracts extra electrons more strongly.
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What happens when halides dissolve in water?
The halide ions are free to react.
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What happens with a more reactive halogen? What is this called?
If a more reactive halogen reacts with a solution containing halide ions it will "push out" (displace) the less reactive halogen. This is a displacement reaction.
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Give an example of a displacement reaction.
Chlorine is more reactive than iodine (it's higher up Group 7). Chlorine therefore reacts with potassium iodide to form potassium chloride and iodine.
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

What do all halogens have?

Back

7 electrons in their outer shell, so they have got similar properties.

Card 3

Front

What is chlorine at room temperature?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What is bromine at room temperature?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

What is iodine at room temperature?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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