Group dynamics

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What is group?
Social aggregates that involve mutual awareness, a common goal and the potential for interaction
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What are the properties of a group?
A common goal, group unity, shared purpose, structured patterns of communication, collective identity
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What is Steiners model?
Actual productivity= Potential productivity - Faulty processes
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What is Actual Productivity?
Team perfomance at agiven time during a game/event (how successful interaction is)
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What is potential productivity?
Maximum capability of the group when cohesiveness appears at its strongest
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What is Faulty Process?
Factors which can go wrong in team performance, they prevent team cohesion
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The two faulty processes bring about loss in?
Potential productivity
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What is coordination loss?
Coordination loss- any breakdown in teamwork and synchronisation of the group
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What is the Ringlemann effect?
Individual performance decreases as group size increases
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What is mmotivation loss?
An individual who suffers a decrease in motivation during performance and so withdraws effort and coasts
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What happens when motivation loss occurs?
social loafing
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What are the causes of social loafing?
feelings that others in the team are not trying, feeling unwatched by the coach, low self confidenced to protect self-esteem, negative experiences, if task is perceived to be too difficult links to aviodance behaviour
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What are the other factors that affect teamwork?
Injury, a lack of incentive value, vague individual roles, personality, inadequate leadership
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What are the 4 factors that carron identified that affect team cohesion?
Situational factors- These include time, the environment and size of the group, Individual factors- characteristics, motivation, experience, Leadership factors- style, Team factors- collective goals/ success
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What are the strategies to encourage participation of individual perfomers in a group?
Clear roles given, participation in team building exercises, evaluating each members performance effectively, punishment of non-team players, rehersal of set plays, team goals, reinforcement of team succes, strong leadership
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What are the qualities of an effective leader?
experience, vision, highly developed perceptual field and decsion making, motivation, charisma, good communication skill, empathy with team members
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What are the characteristics of an autocratic leader?
Tends to make all of the decsion, does not consult the group, is motivated to complete the task quickly, effective in both highly favourable situations and unfavourable situations
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When is an autocratic style of leadership favourable?
When groups are hostile, large, team players who have an instructional approach, cognitive stage of learning, dangerous situations, time constraints, when the leader is male
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What are the characteristics of a Democratic leader?
Will share the decsions with the group, believe is consultation, is interested in developing inter-personal relationships within the team
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When is a Democratic leader preferable?
When groups are friendly and relationships are warm, if groups are small, in activities that require interpersonal communication, autonomous stage of learning, no threat of danger, no constraints on time, female
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What are the characteristics of a lassiez-faire leader?
Stand aside and allows the group to make its own independent decsions, this has severe drawbacks
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What is an emergent leader?
Selcted from within the group
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What is a prescribed leader?
Selected from outside the group
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What is the trait approach?
Believe that leaders are born with the capacity to take charge, innate and stable, leader should be able to take control in any situation
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Why is trait theory not a good predictor of behaviour?
It is unlikely that specific dominat traits alone can facilitate successful leadership
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What is the great man theory?
Suggest that the necesary qualities of leadership are inherited by sons but not daughters, whose fathers have been successful in this field
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What is social learning theory?
Learning comes about through contact with environmental forces
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What is the process of imitating the successful behaviour of role models called?
Vicarious reinforcement
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What is the weakness of social learning theory?
It does not take into account the trait perspective
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What is the interactionist theory?
Leadership skills emerge because of a combination of inherited abilities and learned skills, when the situations triggers the trait thata re of importance to leadership
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What is the Multi-dimensional model of leadership?
Chelladurai identified 3 influences that interact to produce effective leadership
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What are the situational characteristics?
The type of activity in which the group members are involved, the numbers involved in the team, the time constraints of the play, considerations about the strength of opposition
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What are the leader characteristics?
The skill and experice of the leader, the personlaity of the leader
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What are the group member charcteristics?
age, gender, motivation, competence, experience
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

What are the properties of a group?

Back

A common goal, group unity, shared purpose, structured patterns of communication, collective identity

Card 3

Front

What is Steiners model?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What is Actual Productivity?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

What is potential productivity?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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