How does the reactivity of halogens change down the group?
Reactivity decreases down the group
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Why does the reactivity decrease down the group?
The atomic radius and electron shielding increases so nuclear attraction decreases and the ability to gain an e- in the p sub-shell and form 1- ions decreases
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What is a displacement reaction?
When a more reactive halogen oxidises and displaces a halide of a less reactive halogen
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How can we tell that these redox reactions have taken place?
Halogens form different-coloured solutions, so the colour change indicates that redox reactions have occur.
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What is the colour of the halogen Cl2 in water?
Pale green
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What is the colour of the halogen Br2 in water?
Orange
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What is the colour of the halogen I2 in water?
Brown
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What chemical can be used to further distingiush between halogens?
Shake with an organic solvent, such as cyclohexane
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What is the colour of the halogen Cl2 in cyclohexane?
Pale green
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What is the colour of the halogen Br2 in cyclohexane?
Orange
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What is the colour of the halogen I2 in cyclohexane?
Violet
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What are the products when chlorine reacts with water?
Hydrochloric acid (HCl) and Chloric (I) Acid (HClO)
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What type of reaction is it when chlorine reacts with water?
Disproportionation reaction as chlorine is reduced and oxidised
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Why is the reaction of chlorine and water used in water purification?
Chlorine kills bacteria, making water safe to drink
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How is household bleach formed?
Cold dilute aqueous sodium hydroxide and chlorine react together at room temperature to form aqueous NaCl, aqueous NaClO and H2O
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Why is chlorine used to make household bleach?
Chlroine is only slightly soluable in water and has a mild bleaching action
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What sort of reaction is it to make household bleach?
A disproportionation eaction as chlorine is oxidised and reduced
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
Why does the reactivity decrease down the group?
Back
The atomic radius and electron shielding increases so nuclear attraction decreases and the ability to gain an e- in the p sub-shell and form 1- ions decreases
Card 3
Front
What is a displacement reaction?
Back
Card 4
Front
How can we tell that these redox reactions have taken place?
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