Grammar

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4 uses of Para?
Para + infinitive = in order to, With a noun/pronoun (benefit of, directed to), In direction of (specific place), Referring to specific time
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Difference between Passive and the Active?
"John broke the window" (Active) and "The window was broken by John" (Passive)
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How many methods of the Passive?
4 methods
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Method 1 of the Passive?
Say who did the action (e.g. the novel was written by Cervantes or Cervantes wrote the novel)
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Method 2 of the Passive?
The reflexive - use if you don't know who did the action (e.g. Spanish is spoken in many areas of New York = Spanish speaks itself in many areas of New York)
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Method 3 of the Passive?
"The anonymous they" - Reflexive could be misleading (e.g. The prisoners released themselves) so 'they' form used instead (e.g. The prisoners were released)
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Method 4 of the Passive?
The literal Passive - literal translation using Ser and the past participle (e.g. the passengers were greeted at the airport)
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Types of pronoun? (6 types)
Subject pronouns, Reflexive pronouns, Direct object pronouns, Indirect object pronouns, Relative pronouns, Possessive pronouns
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What are Reflexive pronouns?
Replaces the person doing the action to themselves (e.g. himself, herself etc)
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What are Direct object pronouns?
Replaces the person who is directly affected by the action (e.g. me, you, him, her etc)
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What are Indirect pronouns?
Replaces the person who is indirectly affected by the action (e.g. to me, to you, to him)
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How are the pronouns different to DO pronouns?
3rd person pronouns are le and les.
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Order of pronouns?
Reflexive - Indirect - Direct
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2 pronouns beginning with 'L'?
1st one changes to 'Se' (e.g. dárselo)
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Examples of relative pronouns?
Que, Cuyo/cuya/cuyos/cuyas, Lo que, Quien, Donde etc
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Is Quien to be used after a preposition?
Yes
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Examples of Quien?
'Con quien lo llevo bien' and 'A quien no conozco'
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Use of cuyo/cuya/cuyos/cuyas?
Used when talking about something belonging to someone
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Example of cuyo etc?
El hombre, cuyas palabras no recuerdo.
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Use of Demonstrative adjectives?
Used to translate 'this, these, that, those'
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Use of Demonstrative pronouns?
Used to translate 'this one, these ones, that one, those ones'
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Number of conditions included within Si constructions?
3 conditions
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Open conditions? and how to form them?
Event is likely to happen - Si + Present + Present or Si + Present + Future
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Remote conditions? and how to form them?
Often impossible/ hypothetical to come true BUT not always - Si + Imperfect Subjunctive + Conditional
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Unfulfilled conditions? and how to form them?
An event in the past that never happened - Si + Pluperfect subjunctive + Conditional perfect
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Use of The Imperative?
To give commands
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8 important irregulars in the Imperative and their stems?
Ten (Tener), Haz (Hacer), Pon (Poner), Sal (Salir), Ven (Venir), Sé (Ser), Di (Decir), Ve (Ir)
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

Difference between Passive and the Active?

Back

"John broke the window" (Active) and "The window was broken by John" (Passive)

Card 3

Front

How many methods of the Passive?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

Method 1 of the Passive?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

Method 2 of the Passive?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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