Phonology, prosodics and phonetics terminology 0.0 / 5 ? English LanguageTerminologyPhonologyA2/A-levelAQA Created by: ImmyDCreated on: 07-02-17 11:06 Phonology The area of study refering to how sounds are made by language users. 1 of 29 Phonetics General sounds and their effect in a particular language 2 of 29 Prosodics How speakers create meaning through certain sounds, intonation, speed and volume. 3 of 29 Phonemes The basic unit of sound from which language is constructed. 4 of 29 Long vowels The gentle, languid effect of long vowel sounds. 5 of 29 Short vowels The clipped, short effect of short vowel sounds. 6 of 29 Hard consonants The harsh effect of consonant sounds. 7 of 29 Soft consonants The melifluous effect of soft consonant sounds. 8 of 29 Alliteration Using a word or phrase more than once for emphasis. 9 of 29 Assonance The repetition of identical or similar vowel sounds in a sequence of words 10 of 29 Consonance The repletion of a sequence of consonants but with a change in the intervening vowel, e.g. ‘groan' / ‘groin', ‘lean' / ‘lone'. 11 of 29 Onomatopoeia The formation of words that imitate the sound they describe. 12 of 29 Repetition More than one use of the same word in close proximity. 13 of 29 Rhyme The selection of words which sound the same, from the last stressed vowel and the consonants around it, e.g. ‘late' / ‘gate', ‘tending' / ‘mending'. 14 of 29 Assimilation The sliding together of two sounds into one rapid casual utterance e.g. dontcha 15 of 29 Elision The complete loss of a sound in rapid connected speech e.g. handbag is commonly pronounced 'hanbag' 16 of 29 Interjections A word/phrase associated with the sudden expression of emotion in speech e.g. oh! 17 of 29 Non-standard forms Words/phrases associated from slang or dialect that aren't effectively real words. 18 of 29 Sibilance The repeated use of ‘**' sounding consonants to create a soft, sometimes hi**ing effect. 19 of 29 Rythm A distinctive beat to the words, created by any of the above or from a pattern of stressed syllables. 20 of 29 Sibilant [s] make a hissing sound where the airstream is partially blocked. 21 of 29 Plosives [p] [b] [d] the airstream is stopped completely. 22 of 29 Gutteral [g] [c] [k] produced at the back of the throat 23 of 29 Fricatives [f] [v] [t] there is a partial blockage, resulting in some friction. 24 of 29 Affricatives [d3] there is a brief blockage with obstructed release. 25 of 29 Nasals [n] [m] the air stream is forced into the nasal cavity. 26 of 29 Laterals [l] the passage of air is along the sides of the tongue and is blockjed at the front. 27 of 29 Approximants [w] [j] no friction occurs. 28 of 29 Dipthong Where two letters blend to form one sound e.g. dg and ch. 29 of 29
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