Glycolysis and The Link Reaction

 

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  • Created by: Marya
  • Created on: 21-10-13 09:41
Where does Glycolysis occur?
In the cytoplasm of cells. Enzymes needed for glycolytic pathway are found in cytoplasm so doesn’t need any organelle or membrane and therefore no oxygen is required for Glycolysis to take place.
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What is phosphorylation?
The addidtion of a phosphate to a molecule
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What are the products from Glycolysis and where is it used?
2 molecules of ATP-used for energy. 2 molecules of Pyruvate-used in the Link Reaction. 2 molecules of reduced NAD-used in phosphorylation
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What is the first stage of Glycolysis?
Glucose is activated by phosphorylation by the addition of 2 phosphates from 2 molecules of ATP. This is the energy used to activate glucose. This splits the glucose into 2 molecules of Triose Phosphate and 2 ADP.
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What is the second stage of Glycolysis?
The oxidation of Triose Phosphate: hydrogen is removed from each TP molecule and transferred to NAD to form reduced NADP. Enzyme controlled reactions convert each triose phosphate into Pyruvate (3C)
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What is the net gain of ATP in stage 2?
4 ATP are produced but 2 are used up in the first stage, so net gain-2 molecules.
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Pyruvate...
Pyruvate produced by glycolysis can be converted into either lactate or ethanol through anaerobic respiration-this is to re-oxidise NAD so glycolysis can continue
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What is Glycolysis?
Splitting of 6 carbon molecules into 2 smaller, 3-carbon pyruvate molecules
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What is The Link Reaction?
Pyruvate molecules produced in the cytoplasm during glycolysis are actively transported into the matrix of mitochondria to be converted to acetyl coenzyme A.
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What are the series of reactions for The Link Reaction?
The Pyruvate is oxidised by removing Hydrogen. The Hydrogen is accepted by NAD to form reduced NAD which is later used to produce ATP. 2-carbon molecule called an acetyl combines with coenzyme A to produce acetyl coenzyme A.
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Series of reactions continued...
Pyruvate is ‘decarboxylated’ as one carbon atom is removed from Pyruvate to form CO2.
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What are the products of The Link Reaction?
2 acetyl Coenzyme A. 2 Carbon Dioxide. 2 reduced NAD.
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What is phosphorylation?

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The addidtion of a phosphate to a molecule

Card 3

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What are the products from Glycolysis and where is it used?

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Card 4

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What is the first stage of Glycolysis?

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Card 5

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What is the second stage of Glycolysis?

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