Increases in communication technology, connections in a physical form (ie. airplanes), the fall of communism, media increases.
1 of 13
How has religion helped India to develop?
Western companies have been introducing their factories in India due to cheaper labour. This industrialisation has led to rapid economic growth and a prosperous m/c. Nanda notes that the m/c are becoming more religious - 30% suggest an increase.
2 of 13
How has religion helped India to develop?
Hindus have adapted their religion to fit with their new position. The m/c legitimise their position by turning to different Hindu Gods and spending lots of money on extravagant religious celebrations.
3 of 13
What is Hindu 'ultra-nationalism'?
The belief in India - 93% of Hindus suggested that their faith is superior to others. This is much like Bellah's idea of civil religion in the USA.
4 of 13
How has religion influenced Asia and Latin America?
Post-Confucian and Pentecostalism religions hold values much like those explained by Weber with the 16th-century protestants. There is now a prosperous m/c in countries such as Brazil and Chile.
5 of 13
What is fundamentalism?
A belief in only one set of stringent views. Fundamentalists are traditionalists who develop in reaction to issues in modernity such as diversity. Note Pastor Terry Jones.
6 of 13
What is cosmopolitanism?
Giddens suggests that it is the enemy of fundamentalism. It embraces modernity and modifies beliefs to fit with new information - reflexive thinking. It emphasises the pursuit of meaning and self-improvement.
7 of 13
What do Bauman and Castells suggest about fundamentalism?
Bauman: fundamentalism arises due to the 'crisis of meaning' and uncertainty in society. Castells: fundamentalists differ according to their identities.
8 of 13
What does Bruce suggest?
Fundamentalism depends on the religion (monotheistic/polytheistic) and the type of the society (East/West).
9 of 13
What is the cultural defence explanation?
Bruce argues that religion unites a community against a threat. From this, it gains a certain prominence in politics. An example is the Catholic Church in Poland before the collapse of Poland.
10 of 13
What is Huntington's argument?
He suggests that religion has caused a 'clash of civilisations'. Shared religion creates social cohesion within a civilisation, but social conflict between societies. Religion is a form of identity due to the declining importance of nation states.
11 of 13
What is Huntington's argument?
The West is under threat from other religions, and he fears the development of anti-Western military alliances.
12 of 13
What are the criticisms of Huntington?
Casanova: He ignores important religious divisions, such as sectarianism. Jackson: The view is an example of orientalism; stereotyping cultures. Armstrong: Hostility towards the West is rather due to oppressive foreign policy.
13 of 13
Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
How has religion helped India to develop?
Back
Western companies have been introducing their factories in India due to cheaper labour. This industrialisation has led to rapid economic growth and a prosperous m/c. Nanda notes that the m/c are becoming more religious - 30% suggest an increase.
Card 3
Front
How has religion helped India to develop?
Back
Card 4
Front
What is Hindu 'ultra-nationalism'?
Back
Card 5
Front
How has religion influenced Asia and Latin America?
Comments
No comments have yet been made