has allowed transnational organised crime to flourish - for instance, the trafficking of arms, drugs and people. We now live in a global risk society where human-made threats include large environmental damage.
1 of 12
Green crime
Green criminology adopts an ecocentric view based on harm rather than the law, and identified both primary and secondary green crimes.
2 of 12
The state
The state also contributes to green crime through the exploitation of health and safety laws, for example.
3 of 12
Castells
As a result of globalisation, there is a global criminal economy worth over £1 trillion per annum:
Trafficking of arms, women, children, body parts, cultural artefacts, nuclear materials and endangered species
4 of 12
Castells 2
Smuggling illegal immigrants
Sex tourism
Cyber-crimes
Green crimes
International terrorism
The drugs trade
Smuggling of legal goods
5 of 12
Taylor
Globalisation has created crimes at both ends of the spectrum; it has allowed transnational corporations to switch manufacturing to low-wage countries, producing job insecurity, unemployment and poverty. Globalisation has also created inequality, leading
6 of 12
Glenny
McMafia - the organisations that emerged in Russia following the fall of communism. Glenny traces the origins of transnational organised crime to the breakup of the soviet union, which coincided with the deregulation of global markets.
7 of 12
White
Traditional criminology - its subject matter is defined by criminal law and is therefore not concerned with green criminology
Green criminology - the proper subject of criminology is any action that harms the physical environment, and humans or non-human
8 of 12
White 2
Anthropocentric = a human-centred approach. It’s the idea that humans have the right to use the world’s resources and dominate nature.
Ecocentric = humans and nature are interdependent. This is the view of green criminologists who see both humans and the
9 of 12
South
Primary green crimes - crimes that result directly from the destruction and degradation of the earth’s resources:
Crimes of air pollution
Crimes of deforestation
Crimes of species decline and animal abuse
Crimes of water pollution
10 of 12
South 2
Secondary green crimes - crime that grows out of flouting or rules aimed at preventing or regulating environmental disasters:
State violence against oppositional groups
Hazardous waste and organised crime
Environmental discrimination
11 of 12
Mclaughlin
Distinguishes between the types of state crime:
Political crimes (Eg. Corruption and censorship)
Crimes by security and police forces (Eg. Genocide, torture and disappearances of dissidences)
Economic crimes (Eg. Violation of health and safety laws)
12 of 12
Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
Green crime
Back
Green criminology adopts an ecocentric view based on harm rather than the law, and identified both primary and secondary green crimes.
Comments
No comments have yet been made