Globalisation

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What is globalisation?
Globalisation is the process of all the world's economies becoming intergrated
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How have improvements in ICT increased globalisation?
Improvements in ICT carry more improvements and faster. This has made it quicker and easier to businesses all over the world to communicate with each other
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How have improvements in transport increased globalisation?
Improvements in transport have made it quicker and easier for people all over the world to communicate with each other face to face. It's also made it easier for companies to get supplies and to distribute their products all over the world
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Why are call centres often based abroad?
A lot of call centres are now based abroad because the labour is cheaper, which reduces running costs
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What is a TNC?
TNCs are companies that produce products, sell products or are located in more than one country (Trans-National Corporations)
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How do TNCs increase globalisation?
They increase globalisation by linking together countries through the production and sale of goods
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Name a TNC
Wal-Mart
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Name two countries it is located in
USA and Mexico
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Give one advantage of a TNC
It provides new jobs with every new store that is built
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Give one disadvantage of a TNC
Some companies that supply the TNC have very long working hours
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What is industrialisation?
When countries that have traditionally relied on agriculture have seen a massive growth in their manufacturing industries recently
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What are NICs?
Newly industrialising countries
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Give an example of an NIC
China
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Give two reasons why TNCs move to NICs
There is cheap labour and long working hours to maximise production and reduce the cost of manufacturing
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Why does deindustrialisation happen?
1. Manufacturers move factories abroad (produce goods more cheaply) 2. Manufacturers close down (can't compete with price of goods manufactured abroad)
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Describe how China's economy has changed over the last 30 years
China has gone from being a mainly agricultural economy to one of the strongest manufacturing economies
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Explain how tax incentives have caused manufacturers to move to China
China has many SEZs that offer tax incentives to foreign businesses, so they usually don't pay any tax for the first two years; obviously, this is appealing to foreign businesses
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Give two other reasons by manufacturers have moved to China
Cheap labour and long working hours
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How has globalisation increased the demand for energy?
Globalisation has increased the wealth of some poorer countries, so people are buying more things. A lot of things use energy, so this increases the global demand for energy
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Give two other things that have caused an increase in demand for energy
1. Technological advances have created lots of new devices that all need energy. These are becoming more popular so more energy is needed 2. Population increase means that more energy is needed for more people
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Give two environmental impacts of producing more energy
1. Burning fossil fuels releases carbon dioxide which adds to global warming 2. Gathering wood for fuel causes deforestation which destroys habitats
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Give an economic impact of producing more energy
Countries with lots of energy resources will become richer as energy demand increases
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Give two reasons why food is imported into a country
1. The demand for food is increasing, so more food has to be imported 2. People now demand to have a range of food all year around, regardless of growing seasons
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Describe a political impact of growing more food
There may be hostility between countries that use the same water source for irrigation
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Describe a social impact of switching from subsistance farming to commercial farming
This reduces the amount of food produced for local people so they have to import food (which is more expensive)
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What is sustainable energy production?
Not damaging the environment or using up resources faster than they can be replaced
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Why are fossil fuels not a sustainable energy source?
They'll eventually run out so there won't be any for future generations
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Give two examples of renewable energy sources
Wind power and solar power
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Name a place that uses renewable energy
The UK - Wind energy
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Give an advantage of using wind power in the UK
There is no air pollution or waste materials produced - doesn't contribute to global warming or acid rain
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Give a disadvantage of using wind power in the UK
They are expensive to build and maintain
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What is the Kyoto Protocol?
The Kyoto Protocol was an international agreement that was signed by most countries in the world to cut emissions of CO2 and other gases by 2012
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How does a country get carbon credits?
1. Countries that came under their emissions target could sell carbon credits to countries that didn't meet their target 2. Countries could also earn carbon credits by helping poorer countries to reduce their emissions
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Name an international agreement that aims to reduce pollution
The Gothenburg Protocol
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Globalisation has increased the amount of waste going to landfill. How can this impact be reduced?
By recycling waste to make new products
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Give one reason why buying locally produced food reduces the impact of a globalised food supply
Buying local food helps to reduce food miles, which reduces our carbon footprint
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

How have improvements in ICT increased globalisation?

Back

Improvements in ICT carry more improvements and faster. This has made it quicker and easier to businesses all over the world to communicate with each other

Card 3

Front

How have improvements in transport increased globalisation?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

Why are call centres often based abroad?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

What is a TNC?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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