Glacier dynamics and flow

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What is the density of GLACIER ICE
830 - 910 kg m-3
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What is the density of FIRN
400 - 830 kg m-3
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What is the density of freshly fallen snow?
50-200 kg m-3
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What is the “rate of change of net balance with altitude”
Mass balance gradient
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What type of climate has a low mass balance gradient?
Continental
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What type of ice is at the pressure melting point?
Warm ice
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The temperature in a glacier composed of warm ice will increase with depth BECAUSE geothermal heat will warm the base of the glacier.
The assertion is incorrect but the reason is correct.
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A rock falling on the glacier surface in the upper accumulation area is most likely to follow a..
englacial and then subglacial pathway to the glacier margin.
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A rock falling on the glacier surface in the lower ablation area is most likely to follow a..
supraglacial pathway to the glacier margin
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A rock falling on the glacier surface in the middle accumulation area is most likely to follow a..
englacial pathway ABOVE THE TRANSPORT ZONE to the glacier margin.
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What process brings supraglacial material to the bed?
Basal melting
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How much energy does sublimation absorb?
2834 J g-1
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A change of state from ice to water
absorbs 334 j g-1
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A change of state from water to ice
releases 334 j g-1
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What two other processes in meltwater in addition to fluvial processes take place in meltwater erosion
Sandblasting and cavitation flow
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What is the average denudation rate across the earth?
43 mm ka-1
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What is the average valley glacier denudation rate
100 to 500 mm ka-1
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What is characteristic of; well sorted, from valley sides, No striations, crescentic gouges, facets etc.
Passively transported debris
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what is the most effective m for basal sliding
1m
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Regelation is most effective on small bumps of what size?
0.5m
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glacier flow is usually what rate?
3 - 300 m yr-1
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

What is the density of FIRN

Back

400 - 830 kg m-3

Card 3

Front

What is the density of freshly fallen snow?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What is the “rate of change of net balance with altitude”

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

What type of climate has a low mass balance gradient?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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