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- Created by: jamesstaywsgh
- Created on: 27-08-18 16:07
What was the name of the book published by Vesalius in 1543?
The Fabric of the Human body De Humani Corporis Fabrica
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Which individual did Vesalius prove wrong?
Galen
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Which of Galens ideas were proved wrong by Vesalius?
That the lower jaw was in two parts. That blood passed through the septum
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What was the effect of the work of Vesalius?
He made people question Galen and showed the importance of human dissection. Englisg surgeons and physicians used his book as a manual
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Who did the colour illustrations in the Fabric of the Human Body?
Leonardo Da Vinci
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He used an ointment of egg yolks, oil of roses and turpentine
He used an ointment of egg yolks, oil of roses and turpentine
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What was the effect of Pares ointment?
The soldiers wounds healed cleanly with less pain than if boiling oil was used.
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How did Pare stop bleeding?
He used ligatures (silk threads) to tie the blood vessels closed
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What method did ligatures replace?
Cauterisation where you use a red hot iron to seal wounds closed.
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What was a problem with ligatures?
Pare didn't understand that the silk threads could carry germs into the wounds and cause infection.
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What did William Harvey discover?
He showed that blood was pumped around the body by the heart.
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Who did Harvey prove wrong?
Galen, he believed that blood was produced in the liver to replace the blood that was burnt by the body as fuel.
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How did Harvey prove his discovery?
He dissected live cold blooded animals to observe how their hearts worked as well as dissecting human bodies.
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How did William Harvey show that blood could only flow one way?
He tried to pump liquids past the valves in the veins but wasn't able to.
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What was Thomas Syndenham's contribution to medicine?
He believed in observation and that each disease had a separate and unique cause.He treated smallpox with "cool therapy", lots of fluids, and keeping cool.
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What was John Hunter's contribution to medicine?
He was a surgeon who believed that deep wounds should be left alone to let nature help heal. Famous as a teacher of anatomy and dissection.
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What improvements had been made to surgery by the early 1800s?
10,220 people were on the medical directory, half of doctors had been apprentices and trained, you had to have a licence to practise medicine
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Who was Lady Johanna St. John?
ypical of the local ‘lady of the manor’s’ role in healing. She lived at Lydiard House near Swindon and combined her role of running a large household with compiling a recipe book of cures.
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Who was Nicholas Culpepper?
Nicholas Culpeper published his Complete Herbal in 1653 and it is still in print today. Culpeper classified herbs and plants by their uses. He tried to combine the use of herbs with the Doctrine of Signatures and astrology.
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What was quackery?
People began to invent and sell medicine which they knew didn't work. They were good salesmen.
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What did Daffy's Elixir claim to cure?
He claimed it cured, among other things; ‘convulsion fits, consumption, agues, piles, fits, children’s distempers, worms, gout, rheumatism, kidney stones, colic and griping of the bowels’, all common ailments of the time.
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What did Thomas Coram set up in 1741?
The first foundling hospital to care for abandoned children. Children were looked after and trained for life in domestic and military service.
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How many new hospitals were between 1720 and 1750?
14
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How many patients were treated in London's hospitals by 1800?
20,000
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How many people died from smallpox in 1796 and between 1837 and 1840?
1796 - 35 000 1837-1840 - 42 000
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What was inoculation?
You are given a minor form of the disease to stop you getting a more severe version. Lady Mary Montagu gave her children mild smallpox.
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Why didn't the church like inoculation?
Disease was God's punishmnet and man shouldn't interfere.
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Describe the work of Edward Jenner.
Heard a milk maid clain that victims of cowpox never got smallpox, gave a nine year old called James Phipps cowpox and then a dose of smallpox. Phipps never got smallpox meaning he was immune. He took detailed notes and published a book abou his find
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How did the government support Jenner?
In 1802 he was given £10,000 and in 1907 a further £20,000 after the Royal College of physicians confirmed how effective his vaccination was.
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Why didn't some people like Jenner's vaccinations?
Physicians lost money as they charges £20 for inoculations others thought it was a parental decision to vaccinate not the governments. In 1866 an Anti-Vaccine League was set up.,
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
Which individual did Vesalius prove wrong?
Back
Galen
Card 3
Front
Which of Galens ideas were proved wrong by Vesalius?
Back
Card 4
Front
What was the effect of the work of Vesalius?
Back
Card 5
Front
Who did the colour illustrations in the Fabric of the Human Body?
Back
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