Germany in Transition - Topic 3

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  • Created by: Sophie
  • Created on: 29-05-15 22:44
What did the use of the Blitzkrieg tactics mean for Germany?
Quick victories that secured supplies as well as luxury goods
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When did rationing begin in Germany?
1939
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When did war break out?
3rd September 1939
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What 'key defeats' did Germany faced?
El Alamein, Stalingrad
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When was the total war policy announced by Goebbels?
In a speech in February 1943
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In the latter years of the war, what did propaganda focus on?
Fear of communism; offered a choice - victory or bolshevism
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When was Albert Speer appointed Reich Minister for Armaments and Production? What did he concentrate on?
September 1943 - he focused on war production, cutting consumer goods
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By 1944, what percentage of industrial workers were foreign?
29%
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When were women called up for jobs? Out of 3 million, how many took up employment?
1943 - only one million
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When were food rations reduced?
1942
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What did food shortages lead to?
Parks/gardens being dug up for vegetable patches; flourishing black market
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When did the Allied bombing campaign begin?
May 1943
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When did raids in Dresden destroy 70% of all buildings over a 2 night period?
1945
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What were the aims of the Allied bombing campaign?
1) Destroy civilian morale 2) Disrupt war production
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When were the Volkssturm formed? Who joined it?
September 1944 - those who were too young/old to fight
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Where was the largest ghetto? How many people died in it?
55,000
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Who were the Einsatzgruppen?
Special killing squads, moved behind the army and rounded up and shot Jews
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How many Jews had the Einsatzgruppen killed by 1943?
2 million
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Where and when was the 'final solution' decided?
Wannsee Conference, 20th January 1942
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What happened as a result of the 'final solution'?
Gas chambers and crematoria were build at Aushwitz, Treblinka, Maidanek, Belzec and Sobibor
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What did the Edelweiss Pirates do to promote anti-Nazism?
Pushed propaganda leaflets dropped by Allied planes through letter boxes
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What happened to the 16 y/o leader of the Cologne Pirates in November 1944?
He was hanged with 12 others by the Gestapo
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Where did the Swing Youth meet?
In bars, night clubs and houses
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Who established the White Rose Group and where?
Hans and Sophie Scholl and Professor Kurt Huber at Munich University
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What did the White Rose Group do to make people aware of Nazi atrocities?
Distributed pamphlets, painted anti-Nazi slogans on walls
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When were the White Rose Group arrested by the Gestapo? What happened to them?
18th February 1943, they were tortured and hanged
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What did Bonhoeffer do? What happened to him?
Spoke out against Nazi racial policy, helped Jews escape to Switzerland. Arrested by Gestapo in 1942, executed in 1945
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What did Von Galen do? What was he known as?
Spoke out critically against Nazi euthanasia policy, Gestapo terror and concentration camps. Known as the 'Lion of Munster'
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When was the July Bomb Plot?
20th July 1944
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What happened as a result of the July Bomb Plot?
5746 people executed, 24th July all members of the German army made to rester an oath of loyalty
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Why was 1942-3 a turning point on the Eastern Front?
Germans failed to take the city of Stalingrad and surrendered their forces
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When were Germany defeated at the Battle of Kursk? What did they lose?
July 1943 - lost 2000 tanks
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What were Soviet forces threatening by mid-April 1945?
The city of Berlin
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When was D-day? What happened?
6th June 1914 - Allied forces landed on Normany beaches, opening up a new front
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When did the Soviet attack on Berlin happen?
16th April 1945
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When did Hitler and Eva Braun commit suicide?
30th April 1945
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When did Goebbels commit suicide?
1st May 1945
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When and who agreed to unconditional surrender?
Dönitz, 8th May 1945
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When was the Yalta Conference? What was decided? Who attended?
February 1945 - divide Germany into 4 occupation zones, hunt down Nazi war criminals, allow liberated countries to have free elections - Roosevelt, Churchill, Stalin
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What was the key aim of Germany's punishment?
To prevent Germany from ever being able to threaten the peace of Europe again
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When was the Potsdam Conference? What was decided?
July 1945 - Ban nazi party, demilitarise Germany, denazification, division confirmed
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When did the Nuremberg trials begin?
21st November 1945
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How many death sentences were given?
24 - 11 later amended to life imprisonment
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When was the Nazi party dissolved?
10th October 1945
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When was all media associated with Nazism confiscated?
13th May 1946
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What was beginning to emerge in Germany in 1947?
Division between East and West. Later separated to become two countries in 1949.
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

When did rationing begin in Germany?

Back

1939

Card 3

Front

When did war break out?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What 'key defeats' did Germany faced?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

When was the total war policy announced by Goebbels?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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