Germany

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  • Created by: eliza
  • Created on: 20-06-16 16:33
What was Germany like at the end of WW1?
-In a very poor state -The Kaiser abdicated in October 1918
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Who was the biggest political party at that time, and who was the leader?
-The Social Democrats, and their leader was Friedrich Ebert
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What did Ebert sign and what was it?
-The Armistice, it withdrew Germany from WW1 in November 1918
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What was the Weimar Constitution?
-A set of rules for Germany to follow
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Who won the January 1919 elections?
-Social Democrats
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What were some of the rules of the Weimar Constitution?
-Everyone over the age of 20 could vote -Chancellor would be the head of the Reichstag -Germany would use Proportional Representation, each party would get a fair share of seats in the Reichstag -Article 48, gave the president emergency powers
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What were the strengths of the Weimar Constitution?
-Very fair, particularly the voting -It allowed people to have a say -A poor chancellor or president would only be around for a limited time
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What were the weaknesses of the Weimar Constitution?
-Proportional Representation, there were loads of different parties in the Reichstag, difficult to get them to agree on things -Article 48 would be abused
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When did the Spartacist Revolution happen?
- 6th January 1919
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Where the Spartacists the right wing or left wing?
-Threat from the left
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Who were the leaders of the Spartacists?
-Rosa Luxembourg and Karl Liebknecht
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Who helped defeat the Spartacists?
-Friekorps (ex-WW1 soldiers)
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What happened to the leaders of the Spartacists?
-Rosa and Karl were murdered
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What wing was the Kapp Putsch?
-Threat from the right wing
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Who was the leader of the Kapp Putsch?
-Dr Wolfgang Kapp
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When was the Kapp Putsch attempted and who turned on Ebert?
-1920, and the Freikorps helped Wolfgang Kapp in his attempt to take over the country
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Why did the Kapp Putsch fail?
-Failed because the workers of Berlin went on strike
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What did the right wing want for the country?
-Dictatorship
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What did the left wing want for the country?
-Communism
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When was the Treaty Of Versailles signed?
-June 1919
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What was the TOV?
-A peace treaty, that Germany had to sign after WW1
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What were the main terms of the Treaty of Versailles?
-Blame:Germany had to accept all the blame for starting the war and all the damage, this was called the 'War guilt clause' -Reparations:They had to pay 6.6billion
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What were the main terms of the Treaty of Versailles?
-Armed forces:Germany's army was reduced to 100,000 men, the Rhineland was demilitarised -Territory:Germany lost 13% of their land, and 12.5% of the population
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What did the Germans accuse the Weimar Government of doing when signing the TOV?
-'Stabbing them in the back' , Germans hated the Treaty of Versailles
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How did the Nazi Party begin?
-Anton Drexler was the leader of the Germans Workers Party -Hitler joined in 1920 -Called it the NAZI party
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Why was 1923 a 'crisis year' for Germany?
-Invasion of the Ruhr, Hyperinflation and Munich Putsch
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Who was chancellor in 1923-1924?
-Gustav Stresseman
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What did Stresseman do to help Germany?
-Replaced the old currency with the Rentenmark -The Dawes Plan 1924 (800,000,000 loans from USA) -The Young Plan 1929 (reduced reparations by 67%)
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What was Germany like in the years 1924-1929?
-They were doing well, it was an age of cinema, clubs, modern art, cars etc
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When was the Wall Street Crash?
-October 1929
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What was the Wall Street Crash?
-When the USA's economy collapsed, and they recalled all their loans
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What happened to Germany, when the Wall Street Crash happened?
-Germany went into Depression -Unemployment went down fast, 6million people without jobs -People lost their homes -People scavenged for food
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What did the Weimar Government do about it?
-Dealt with it poorly, they raised taxes and cut wages instead of helping the people out
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When was the ban on the Nazi Party lifted?
-February 1924
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What was the **?
-Hitler's private bodyguards
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When was the ** made?
-1926, at the Bamberg party Conference
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How many seats did the Nazis win in 1928?
-12 seats
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Who was appointed as the propaganda leader?
-Josef Goebbels
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What was the Stength through Joy movement?
-Organisation to organise the leisure time for the workers -Provided cheap cinema tickets, cruises, holidays, and the VW Beetle
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Why were women important for the Nazi's?
-They were needed to have children and create the perfect master race that Hitler wanted
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What were the KKK?
-Kinder:children -Kuche:kitchen -Kirche:church
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How were women encouraged to have big famillies?
-Medals were awarded for women with a large amount of children -They were offered marriage loans
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What was the Hitler Youth?
-4 different groups, 2 for boys and 2 for girls -Boys:trained to be soldiers, weapon training, marching, camping etc -Girls:trained to be good mothers, domestic training, fitness training etc
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How was the youth educated about the Nazi's?
-History, focused on the Nazi party -Biology, focused on the master race etc -New resources; history books, rewritten
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Was being part of Hitler Youth compulsory?
-Yes, it became compulsory in 1939
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Who opposed the Nazis?
-White Rose movement -Edelweiss Pirates -Swing movement
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What did the Edelweiss pirates do?
-Beat up Hitler Youth, refused to join it
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What did the Swing movement do?
-Movement who listened to jazz music and went clubbing
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What did the White Rose movement do?
-They spread anti-Nazi leaflets
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

Who was the biggest political party at that time, and who was the leader?

Back

-The Social Democrats, and their leader was Friedrich Ebert

Card 3

Front

What did Ebert sign and what was it?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What was the Weimar Constitution?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

Who won the January 1919 elections?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
View more cards

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