a thermodynamic process in which no heat enters or leaves the system during expansion or compression
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Adiabatic cooling
occurs when crust or mantle material rises, undergoes expansion + the temperature falls; with no loss or gain of thermal energy
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Adiabatic heating
occurs when crust / mantle material descends + temperature rises as it contracts; with no loss or gain of thermal energy
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Divergent plate margins
occur where 2 plates are moving apart + magma is rising up between them
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Partial melting
occurs where some of the minerals in a rock melt to form a magma
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Hot spots
formed by a fixed mantle plume bringing magma to the surface
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Convergent plate margins
where 2 plates are colliding + magma is formed above a subduction zone or deep in the crust
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Batholith
a very large igneous intrusion, with an undefined depth, in the earth's crust
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Decompression melting
accounts for most volcanism, including mid-ocean ridges + hot spots. Decompression of the ultramafic peridotite causes partial melting + produces mafic magmas by decompression melting
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
occurs when crust or mantle material rises, undergoes expansion + the temperature falls; with no loss or gain of thermal energy
Back
Adiabatic cooling
Card 3
Front
occurs when crust / mantle material descends + temperature rises as it contracts; with no loss or gain of thermal energy
Back
Card 4
Front
occur where 2 plates are moving apart + magma is rising up between them
Back
Card 5
Front
occurs where some of the minerals in a rock melt to form a magma
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