Geological origins

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What is on of the Earths largest carbon stores?
The Himalayas
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In todays oceans how much of carbon containing rock is from calcifying organisms?
80 per cent.
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Why are fossil fuels given their name?
Because they were made up to 300 million years ago from the remains of organic material.
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How is oil and natural gas formed?
It is formed from the remains of tiny aquatic animals and plants.
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Where do they occur?
They occur in pockets of rock, migrating up through the crust until meeting caprocks.
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How is coal formed?
It is formed from the remains of trees, ferns and other plants.
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What is anthracite?
The hardest coal; it has the most carbon and energy content.
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What are Bituminous coals?
They are the next hardest and next highest carbon content.
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What are soft coals like lignite and brown coal.
They are lower in carbon and energy potential, these are the major supply to the global source of energy..
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What is peat?
The stage before coal, it is an important carbon and energy source.
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What is the first phase of interaction between the rock and the carbon cycle?
Chemical weathering in the atmosphere, water reacts with atmospheric co2 and carbonate acid forms. Once the water reaches the surface as rain it reacts with surface minerals, slowly dissolving them into compound ions.
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What is the second phase of interaction between the rock and the carbon cycle?
Transportation of calcium ions by rivers from the land into oceans. The combination bicarbonate ions to form calcium carbonate and precipitate out as minerals.
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What is the third phase of interaction between the rock and the carbon cycle?
Deposition and burial turns calcite sediment into limestone.
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What is the fourth phase of interaction between the rock and the carbon cycle?
Subduction of the sea floor under continental margins by tectonic spreading.
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What is the last phase of interaction between the rock and the carbon cycle?
Some of the carbon rises back up to the surface within heated magma, then is degassed as CO2 and returned to the atmosphere.
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

In todays oceans how much of carbon containing rock is from calcifying organisms?

Back

80 per cent.

Card 3

Front

Why are fossil fuels given their name?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

How is oil and natural gas formed?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

Where do they occur?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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