Geography Population and Settlement Case Studies

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  • Created by: KAustria
  • Created on: 05-05-14 16:58
Name the Managing Overpopulation Case Study?
China, 'Late Long Few' and 'One Child Policy'
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What is China's current population?
1.3 billion
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IN 1949 what was China's population?
540 million
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In the 1950's what did the Chinese government encourage couples to do and why?
Encouraged couples to have more children to help produce food and build a strong army.
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What was population in China by 1970? Why was this a problem?
The population had reached to 830 million which was a problem because China's resources could not cope.
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What Population management policy was introduced in 1970?
The 'late, long and few' policy which encouraged couple to have children later; have long gaps between the children and have fewer children in general.
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What did the fertility rate drop to by 1979?
1970 - 5.7 1979 - 2.9
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Was the 'L,L,F' policy sustainable?
yes because it helped reduce the population so that rescoures weren't used up
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What policy was introduced in China in 1979?
The One Child Policy which encouraged couples to only have 1 child.
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What benefits were available for Chinese couples who had one child?
1. Longer maternity Leaves 2. better housing 3. Free Education
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What were the consequences Chinese couples faced if they had more than one child?
They received a fine and missed out on benefits available.
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How many births were prevented through the one child policy?
400 million
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What did the fertility rate in China drop to in 2009?
1979 - 2.9 . 2009 - 1.8
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What have the Chinese conlcuded about the effectiveness of the management polices?
Some believe that the LLF was more effective because of the drastic change of the fertility rate.
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What are the exceptions to the One child Policy?
1. Couples are allowed a second child if the 1st child is a girl or is disabled 2. If one of the parents are disabled or if both parents are only children then the couples are allowed a second child.
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Name the Case Study for an Ageing Population
The UK
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What percentage of the population could be 65 years or over by 2041?
25%
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How much has the life expectancy of men and women increased from 1980 to 2006?
2.6 for Women and 6.4 years for men
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What is the current life expectancy for men and women in the UK?
Men : 77.2 years Women : 81.5 years
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What major event occurred between the 1940 - 60s which has resulted to the ageing population in the Uk?
Baby Boom which has now resulted to a pensioner boom
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Since the 1970s what has happened to the birth rate in the Uk?
It has decreased
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Give the 3 main effects of the ageing population in the Uk?
1. Old people living in poverty 2. State pension is low 3. Pressure on health services
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Why are old people in the Uk living in poverty?
The working population isn't large enough and many people don't have savings.
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what is the problem with the state pension in the UK?
Despite being low the government cannot afford it as taxes being paid are not able to cover it all.
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In 2005, what was the average stay of an elderly person in hospital in comparison to the whole of the UK average?
Old people : 13 nights UK : 8 nights
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Name the 2 unsustainable strategies the UK has imposed to solve the ageing population?
1. Encourage women to have children through tax credits 2. Encourage immigration of young people to the UK
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Name the 2 sustainable strategies the UK has imposed to solve the ageing population
1. Raise the retirement age to 65 - by 2046 it will be 68 2. Encourage people to take out private pensions.
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Name the Urbanisation Case Study?
China Urbanisation
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By 2006 how many people were living in urban areas in China?
44% of the population 550 million people
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Give the 3 main Push factors as to why people have left rural areas in China?
1. Fewer Jobs 2. Lower Wages and high poverty 3. Shortage of services
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in 2004, how many people were unemployed in rural areas in China?
150 million
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How many people were living in poverty in rural China?
1. Fewer Jobs 2. Lower Wages and high poverty 3. Shortage of services
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What are the 3 main push factors as to why people are moving to urban areas?
1. More Jobs 2. High wages ad lower poverty 3. Better servuces
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Lack of funding in rural reas resulted to how many children missing out on education in China in 2002?
1.1 million
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What are the positive impacts of urbanisation in urban areas in China?
More Workers = Increase Demand = Increase trade and industy
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What are the negative impacts of urbanisation in urban areas in China?
Pollution and environmental damage. 270 cities in China have no water treatment plants.
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What are the positive impacts of urbanisation in rural areas in China?
130 million people who have left send money bac home.
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What are the negative impacts of urbanisation in urban areas in China?
Ageing population - 50% of Chinese people 60 or over live without younger relatives.
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How is urbanisation being managed in Chinese Urban areas?
Changed water supply
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How is urbanisation being managed in Chinese Rural Areas?
Pilot pension scheme for retired farmers
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Name the case study on international migration?
UK to Poland
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What is the unemployment rate in Poland?
19%
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What is the average wage in Poland?
1/3 of the average EU wage
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How many dwellings are there for every 1000 people in Poland?
300
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Give the 3 main push Factors in Poland?
1. High Unemployment 2. Low Average Wage 3. House Shortages
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Give the 3 min Pull factors to the UK?
1. Ease of Migration 2. Employment 3. Good Exchange rate
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In t2004 what did the UK introduce to ease migration?
Unlimited migration form the EU
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IN 2006, how much money was sent home by Polish people?
3 Billion Euros
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What are the advantages and Disadvantages of the migration of young people?
Adv : Helped housing shortages problem and unemployment problem. Dis : Ageing Population
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how have Polish migrants helped the UK economy?
Pay taxes, new businesses
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What has the migration of polish people resulted to Socially?
Increase in racism and scapegoating for the rise of benefit thieves in the Uk
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What do Polish Migrants have to register under in order t be able to work in the Uk?
Worker Registration Scheme
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How have the government tightened the control for newer EU states?
Immigrants have to ask permission form the Home Office to work in the UK
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Name the Case Study on Urban Development?
Glasglow
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The decline in traditional industries has resulted to what problems?
1.Area called Gorbals have poor-quality high-rise houses 2. High unemployment - 7.1%
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What 2 new redevelopment programmes have been introduced?
Clyde Waterfront Regeneration Project and the Regeneration of Gorbals
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What is the Clyde Waterfront Regeneration project?
200 projects costing £ 5 billion has been dedicated into transforming the old industrial land for business, recreational and residential use.
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What is the Regeneration of Gorbal project?
£170 million is being invested into building a new 'urban village' with 1500 new homes, a shopping centre, library and community centre
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How is the redevelopments in Glasgow meeting social needs?
Improve transport facilities, leisure facilities and homes
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How is the redevelopments in Glasgow meeting economic needs?
50,000 jobs are created through the Waterfront project
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How is the redevelopments in Glasgow meeting environmental needs?
Parks and natural areas
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How sustainable is the Clyde Waterfront Regeneration Project?
It has improved transport links to encourage lower car use
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How sustainable are the projects in Gorbals?
Reusing derelict brownfield sites
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Name the Changing Retail services case study?
Meadowhall in South Yorkshire
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Give the 3 factors which have changed retail services over time?
1. Increased Car Ownership 2. Changes to Supply and Demand 3. Work Patterns
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Where is Meadowhall?
Outside Sheffield in South Yorkshire
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When was Meadowhall built?
1990
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How many shops are there in Meadowhall?
280 shops
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How mnay free car parking spaces are there in Meadowhall?
12,000 free car parking spaces
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How many shoppers visit Meadowhall every week?
800,000
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Why have the number of shops in Sheffield declined?
1. Cheaper rent in Meadowhall 2. decrease in demand 3, Unable to compete with competition
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What percentage has trade loss in Sheffield?
15%
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Give an example of a shop that has experienced a decline in rural reas in South Yorkshire?
Hope, Post Office
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How have Sheffield tried to tackle the change in retail services?
1. Improving Parking 2. Using 'City Watch' scheme to reduce crime.
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

What is China's current population?

Back

1.3 billion

Card 3

Front

IN 1949 what was China's population?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

In the 1950's what did the Chinese government encourage couples to do and why?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

What was population in China by 1970? Why was this a problem?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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