Geography - Globalisation

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What is golbalistation?
Worlds economies becoming intergrated, coming together like a single commmunity.
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What are the reasons for globalisation happening?
International trade, international investment and improvements in communication.
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What does globalistation make countries become?
Interdependant - relying on eachother for resources and services.
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How do improvements in ICT increae globalisation by increasing trade / investment?
Emmail, internet and phones carry more information and faster making it quicker for businesses to communicate globally.
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How do improvements in transport increase globalisation by increasing trade / investment?
More airports, high speed trains and larger shis mean it is quicker , easier glbally to communicate face to face. Also it easier for companies to distribute products globbally and get products from all around the world.
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What are localised industrial regions?
Improvements in ICT have allowed industries to develop around a specific region.
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What do TNC's (trans-national corporations) do?
They produce / sell or are based in more than one country.
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How do they increase globallisation?
By linking together countries for production and sales of goods.
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Why are factories located in poorer countries?
Labour is cheaper.
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Why are offices and headquarters in richer countries?
More people with administrive skill as education is better.
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What are te advantages of TNC's?
Create jobs, employees in poorer countries get a more reliable income, money spent on improving local infrastructure and neew technology / skills are brought to poorer countries.
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What are the disadvantages of TNC's?
Low paid wages in poorer countries with long hours in poor conditons, most profits go back to richer countries rather thean been reinvested in poorer countries nad jobs craeted in poorer countries aren't secure.
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What are NIC's (newly industrialised countries)?
Countries that traditionally relied on agriculure but have seen a massive groth in the manufacturing industry. This is called industrialisation.
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Why do TNC's incraese manufacturing in NIC's?
Cheap labour, longer working hours , laxer health / safety reulations, prohibition of strikes and tax incentive / tax free zones.
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Waht is deindustrialisation?
When manufacturing in countries decreases.This is happenning in richer countries.
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Why does deindustialisation happen?
Manufacturers move abroad as tehy can produce goods more cheaply there and manufacturers close down as they can't compete with proces abroad.
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What can happen when deindustrialisation happens?
Manuel workers lose jobs, and some factories becom derelict.
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Why is deindustrialisation not as bad in banking and insurance?
Higher wages are paid.
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What negative effect does golabalisation have, relating to energy?
Globalistaion increases the wealth of poorer countries so more people are buying things however a lot of theese things use a lot of energy, increasing the global demand for energy.
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How does globalisation increase the demand for enrgy?
Technological advances (new devices need energy). Thes are becoming more and more popular so more energy is needed. Also the worlds pupulation increasing, more peole means more energy is needed.
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What are the three non - renawable surces of enery?
Fossil fuels, wood and nuclear power.
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What are the social impacts of increasing energy usage?
Extremely large power plants are built so people must move out the area and waste created is radioactive, id it leaks can cause deaths, illllnesses and contamination of large arease. However jobs are created for the building and maintaining of plants
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What are the environmental impacts of increasing energy usage?
Burning fossil fuels releases carbon dioxide whic adds to global warming causing rising sea level, severe weather and cause species to move or become extinct.
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What other environmental impacts are ther?
Gathering wood for fuel menas deforestation which destroys habitats, mining for coal causes air / water pollution removing large areas of land (habitatis) and transporting oils is risky beacuses it increases the risk of oil spills.
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Why do people no longer just eat a small range of seasonal foods gown from their own country?
People now demand their range of foods all year round so food has to be produced in foriegn countries nad imported.
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Why does this increase globalistation?
The increase in the world s populationmenas more food is need and countries can't produce enough to feed their populations so food has to be imported.
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What are the enviromnental impacts of producing/importing food?
Trransporting 9increases food miles which produces carbon diocide, increasing the carbon footprint.
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How does farming have a negative impact?
Food can be produced locally by energy intensive farming, lots of enegry and carbon dioxide is needed and farmers use marginal land not suitable for farming.
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What are the political impacts of producing/importing food?
There is a large demand for water which is needed to produce food Low rainfall means farmier irrigate wtaer from lakes and rivers. There are disputes between countries using the same source.
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What are the social impacts of producing/importing food?
Farmers switch from subsistence farming (food produced for family) to commercial farming (food produced to sell) reducing amount produced by local people so foof has to be imported. When prices go down they will not ahve enough money for themselves.
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What are the economic impacts of producing/importing food?
Using chemicals to produce lots of food is expensive and leads to borrowing money, farmer can get into debt however it is astaedy income for farmers who export to other countries.
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Why does eneegy production need to be sustainable?
To allw people alive today to get what they need as well as people in the future.
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Why is energu produced by renewable sources sustainable?
It doesn't cause long-term damgage or run out.
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What are the renawale sources of energy?
Wind, biomass, solar power and HEP.
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What is teh Kyota Protocol?
An international aggreemen to cut emissions of carbon dioxide by 2012.
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How do countries get carbon credits?
By reaching their target or better or helpig other countries to low emmisions.
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Why can countries do with these carbon credits?
Sell them to other countries.
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How can carbon emissions be reduced?
International agreements to help reduce pollution, recyclyng to reduce waste craeted by globalisation and buying local can reduce impacts of globalised food supply.
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

What are the reasons for globalisation happening?

Back

International trade, international investment and improvements in communication.

Card 3

Front

What does globalistation make countries become?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

How do improvements in ICT increae globalisation by increasing trade / investment?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

How do improvements in transport increase globalisation by increasing trade / investment?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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