Geography - Watery World

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How can water consumption be measured?
through comparing how much waters been used at homes, in farming and in industries
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How do HICs consume water through Domestic usage?
HICs use water for wide range of domestic hygiene such as personal hygiene, kitchen appliances such as the dishwasher and gardening
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How do LICs consume water through Domestic usage?
LICs have a high % of people who don't receive piped water in their household therefore women have to walk several km everyday to collect water. The same waters used for personal hygiene and washing up
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How HICs used water through Agricultural usage?
HICs use a greater amount of water to irrigate crops
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How do HICs use water through Industrial usages?
HICs involve factories that uses millions of litres of water during production
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How do LICs use water through Industrial usages?
LICs use a very small scale of water within businesses being run from home
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What are multi national companies moving to LICs+MICs and give an example
they are moving factories which increases the water usage in LICs+MICs. An example is Coca Cola in India which uses 1million litres everyday
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Give three ways that wealth leads to greater water consumption
more money available for luxuries therefore growth in labour saving devices, change in personal hygiene meaning more showers+baths, tourist industry has high demand for water due to increase in holidays abroad
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Example of how wealth leads to greater water consumption
In Sweden its seen a 92% rise in number of golf courses being built since 1990 and technological improvements have lead to automatic water sprinklers for the golf course.
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3 reasons why water supplies vary
distribution of rainfall varies from region to region, some countries have surplus + others have deflect of water, some countries have high evotranspiration rates therefore temp is high+ rainfalls condensed into a gas.
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Where does water come from?
Reservoirs and groundwater
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What happens with the extraction of ground water?
water soaks into the ground+settles in large areas of porous rock. Fills up with water called aquifers which vary depending on rainfall+temp. Water table is the highest level of aquifer
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What happens with extraction of water from reservoirs?
artificial lake thats behind a dam to store water for irrigation, drinking+ power. 2 types- direct supply= supply straight to water treatment..2) river regulating= stores water during rainy periods so that rivers can be topped up during dry spells
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Example of Groundwater system and reservoir system
Ground water- Mexico City pipeline now 6m above the ground, so its stopped being used Reservoirs- UK, Thames water has underground reservoirs under London. Hoo Oak Service is the largest in Europe.
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Whats rainfall variability?
rainfall deficit. EXAMPLE- 2005 rainfall was below average= levels in reservoirs dropped+ hosepipes were banned. EXAMPLE- 2007 saw a long wet period in the summer= aquifers were replenished
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Whats rainfall+ population imbalance ?
population of rainfall in the UK is unevenly distributed. Third of UK's population live in SE due to less rain. SE= annual rainfall of less than 800m NW, Wales+ Scotland= over 2000mm
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Whats leakage?
In London more than half the water mains are over 100 years old and a third are over 150 years old. 30% of water supply is lost through leaks+cracks, more than 3,5b litres of water is lost daily in 2006= loss to economy between 1.5m+3.6m pounds
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Whats seasonal rain imbalance?
problems in water supply in the Med holiday areas. EXAMPLE- 2008 farmers in Murcia were fighting about water rights due to buying+selling water on the Black market. Suffered its worst draught 1947 where water reserves were down 50%
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What are water supply problems in HICs?
leakage, rainfall+population imbalance, rainfall variability and seasonal rain imbalance
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What are the facts about water supply problems in LICs?
1.1b people don't have access to safe water, 2.6b people don't have access to adequate sanitation, 1.8m children die every year due to poor sanitation and unclean water, India spends 8 times more on military budgets than on water+ sanitation
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What water related diseases occur in LIC water supply problems?
Dysentry- infections disease of large intestine + Malaria- caused by parasite transmitted via mosquitos.
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What is the industrial usage of water management in HICs?
Walkers Crisps, Leicester= reduced water usage by 50% saving 700 million l of water a year, installed 30 water metres at the production plants. In Burson its dropped from 17.671 to 9.241 per kg potatoes processed
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What are the agricultural usage of water management in HICs?
crop irrigation, flood irrigation, overhead irrigation + drip irrigation
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What are the domestic usages of water management in HICs?
EFFICIENT= shower(60l),short flush toilet(3l), water ****(rainwater). NON EFFICIENT=bath(120l), normal flush(11l), hosepipe(50l)
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Name several management techniques of water in LICs?
hand dug wells, rainwater harvesting, gravity fed schemes, tube wells+boreholes, recycling
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

How do HICs consume water through Domestic usage?

Back

HICs use water for wide range of domestic hygiene such as personal hygiene, kitchen appliances such as the dishwasher and gardening

Card 3

Front

How do LICs consume water through Domestic usage?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

How HICs used water through Agricultural usage?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

How do HICs use water through Industrial usages?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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