Geography Unit 3

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Energy Pathways
Supply routes between energy producers and consumers e.g. pipelines or shipping routes
1 of 25
Energy Poverty
When a country or region has insufficient access to reliable sources of power
2 of 25
Energy Security
This is vital to the functioning of any economy – any country that is selfsufficient in energy resources will be secure
3 of 25
Energy surplus
When a country or region has more than enough sources of power for its needs and is able to export its surplus power to other countries
4 of 25
Geopolitics
Political relations among nations, particularly relating to claims and disputes regarding boarders and resources
5 of 25
Low-carbon standard
Initiative introduced in California in 2007 aimed to reducing the carbon intensity of transportation fuel by 10% by 2020
6 of 25
OPEC
The Organisation of Petroleum Exporting Countries e.g. Iran, Iraq, Kuwait
7 of 25
Peak Oil
The year in which the world or an individual oil-producing country reaches its highest level of production, production declines after
8 of 25
Security Premium
The extra cost built into the price of oil to allow for any disruption in supply
9 of 25
Strategic
Something that is done as part of a plan that is meant to achieve a particular purpose or to gain an advantage
10 of 25
Supply shock
A significant interruption to supply due to an environmental, economic or political event
11 of 25
Tar Sands
Naturally occurring mixtures of sand or clay, water and dense form of petroleum called bitumen
12 of 25
Energy crisis
A serious shortage of energy which interrupts domestic supplies and impacts on all sectors of the economy
13 of 25
Environmental impact assessment
Details all of the impacts on the environment of an energy type or another project above a certain size
14 of 25
Fossil fuels
Fuels consisting of hydrocarbons (coal, oil and natural gas) formed by the decomposition of prehistoric organisms
15 of 25
Renewable resources
Sources of energy such as solar and wind power that are not depleted as they are used
16 of 25
Strategic Petroleum Reserve
The USA’s reserve supply of oil which should last for about 3 months in the event of severe interruptions to imported oil
17 of 25
Energy infrastructure
The built environment constructed for the exploration, development and production of energy, and all the networks
18 of 25
Energy TNCs
Transnational corporations that specialise in the exploration, development, production and sale of energy products
19 of 25
Resource nationalisation
When a country decides to place part or all of one or a number of natural resources e.g. oil under state ownership
20 of 25
Carbon credit
A permit that allows an organisation to emit a specified amount of greenhouse gases
21 of 25
Carbon Trading
A company that does not use up the level of emissions it is entitled to can sell the remainder to another company
22 of 25
Coal gasification
A process which converts solid coal into a gas that can be used for power generation
23 of 25
Green taxation
Taxes levied to discourage behaviour that will be harmful to the environment
24 of 25
Microgeneration
Generators producing electricity with an output of less than 50KW
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

When a country or region has insufficient access to reliable sources of power

Back

Energy Poverty

Card 3

Front

This is vital to the functioning of any economy – any country that is selfsufficient in energy resources will be secure

Back

Preview of the back of card 3

Card 4

Front

When a country or region has more than enough sources of power for its needs and is able to export its surplus power to other countries

Back

Preview of the back of card 4

Card 5

Front

Political relations among nations, particularly relating to claims and disputes regarding boarders and resources

Back

Preview of the back of card 5
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