Geography Tropical Storms ( 1.3 on Seneca)

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What type of pressure does cool sinking air produce?
high
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What type of pressure does warm rising air produce?
low
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What are the 3 global atmospheric circulation cells?
Hadley, Polar and Ferrel
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At the surface of the earth, what is the equator warmed by?
By the sun
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Why at 30 degrees north and south of the equator, why is there a high-pressure belt?
The air is further form the equator and the cool air flls
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What at 60 degrees north and south of the equator, why is there a low-preessure belt?
the warmer air is less dense and so it rises
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Why at the poles is there a high pressure belt?
the cool air there sinks
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What are trade winds?
they are surface winds that blow from 30 degrees north or 30 degrees south back towards the equator
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What are westerly winds?
they are surface winds that blow from 30 degrees north towards the north pole or form 30 degrees south towards the south pole
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Where do tropical storms form betweeen?
The tropics
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Why do they form in summer and autumn?
Because sea temperatures are higher
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What degrees north and south of the equator do they form at?
5-15
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What causes tropical storms to have the characteristic of being unstable?
The intense heat in the tropic region where they form
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What 2 physical conditions are required for tropical storms to form?
Sea temperature must be above 27 degrees c, sea must be over 60 metres deep
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Why are these conditions needed?
For rapid evaporation
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Why is winds spiralling required in order for a tropical storm to form?
Due to the earth's rotation
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What wind speed i needed for them to form? (mph)
over 74mph
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Why is this condition needed?
So that the storm has enough energy to move towards land
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Why are tropical storms a very low pressure system?
Because the warm air has to rise
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What process means that tropcila storms move away form the equator one they are small thunderstorms?
The Coriolis effect
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which way do tropical storms spin if in the northern hemisphere?
anti-clockwise
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which way do tropical storms spin if in the southern hemisphere?
clockwise
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What causes the thunderstorms to build in size in order to become a tropical storm?
The warm, deep ocean which means rapid evaporation
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What type of pressure system are you likely to find a tropical rainforest in?
A low pressure system
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What type of pressure system are you likely to find a desert in?
A high pressure system
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What type of cloud is created when a thunderstorm becomes a tropical storm due to the warm bands of rising air and cool sinking air?
Cumulonimbus clouds
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Why do tropical storms dissipates once they are over land?
Because they have lost the fuel and energy from the deep, warm ocean
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What is the centre of a tropical storm called?
The eye
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Why is the eye of the storm have calm conditions with no floods?
As the air in the eye is descending meaning it has a high pressure.
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Why does the eyewall have very high winds and stormy conditions?
As the air in the eyewall is rising meaning it has a low pressure
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How long do tropical storms tend to last for?
7-14 days
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What is the name of the scale to measure tropical storms?
The Saffir-Simpson scale
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How many categories are there on this scale?
5
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How are tropical storms categorized on the Saffir-Simpson scale?
by wind speed
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How can this scale be useful?
It can give an indication of potential damage and flooding
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What 3 factors may climate change impact on tropical storms?
Its frequency, distribution and intensity
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Why are the increasing global ocean temperatures very significant for frequency?
It means that oceans will be higher than 27 degrees for longer, meaning they can be expected almost at any time of the year ( e.g.USA for 16 out of the last 24 years has had more than the average number of hurricanes )
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Why are the increasing global ocean temperatures very significant for distribution?
It means areas further than 5-15 N or S of equator will have conditions needed for tropical storms to occur (e.g. Hurricane Sandy hit New York, 400N of equator.)
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Why are the increasing global ocean temperatures very significant for intensity?
Leads to more evaporation, leads to more clouds and more energy ( e.g. In the Atlantic Ocean, the number of hurricanes increased by double from 1970 to 2014)
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What are tropical storms called if they are formed in the Atlantic Ocean?
Hurricanes
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What are tropical storms called if they are formed in the Indian Ocean?
Cyclones
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What are tropical storms called if they are formed around South-East Asia??
Typhoons
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What are 3 primary effects of tropical storms?
Buildings destroyed, rivers flood, people drown
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What are 3 secondary effects of tropical storms?
People left homeless, shortage of water, roads are blocked
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What are 3 immediate responses of tropical storms?
Evacuating people, rescuing people, recovery dead bodies to prevent disease spreading
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What are 3 long-term responses of tropical storms?
Repair homes, replace damaged infrastructure, improve flood defence systems
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What are tropical storms?
Intense low pressure systems with heavy rain and strong winds that spiral around the centre
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

What type of pressure does warm rising air produce?

Back

low

Card 3

Front

What are the 3 global atmospheric circulation cells?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

At the surface of the earth, what is the equator warmed by?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

Why at 30 degrees north and south of the equator, why is there a high-pressure belt?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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