A basic unit of geological time in which a single type of rock systum is formed. Characterised by the type of animals/plants that lived during this time.
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Era
Two or more periods separated by a catastrofic event which caused mass distinction.
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Ignious Rocks
Rocks formed my the cooling of moten magma.
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Sedimentary Rocks
Rocks made from material the has settled to the bottem of a liquid (the sea) and compressed over time.
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Metamorphic Rock
Sedimentary rocks than have been compressed so much it has changed or transformed into a different rock.
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Weathering
The breakdown of rocks in their origonal place.
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Mechanical/Physical Weathering
Breaks up rock without any chemical changes. It often results in piles of angular rocks called scree at the base of the rock.
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Chemical Weathering
Chemical reaction between the rock and acidic rain water.
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Biological Weathering
Involves the actions of flora (plants) and fauna (animals). Plant roots are effective at growing and expanding in cracked rocks.
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Tor
Blocks of granite that have been weathered slower than the granite around them.
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Intrusive
Ignious rocks that cool underneath the earths surface.
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Extrusive
Ignious rocks that cool on the earths surface.
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Impermeable
Water cannot get through.
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Permeable
Water passes through easily.
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Dry Valley
Valleys that dont have a river/stream running through them because the water is running underground.
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Spring
Water that flows through chalk or other permeable rock and emerges where the chalk meets impermeable rock. Where the water emerges is called a spring.
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Gorge
Formed by collapsing underground cave systum causing the limestone to retreat.
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Resurgent Rivers
A spring that reapears at the base of limestone.
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Stalactites
Spikes on he ceiling of caves caused by dripping water from the roof. Evaporation leaves behind a calcium carbonate. This forms overtime extending from the cave roof.
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Stalagmites
The spikes on the ground of the cave where water dripps fromt he ceiling to the ground before evaporating. The calcium carbonate deposit forms stalagmites over time from the floor of the cave.
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Clints
Blocks of limestone weathered to leave a small surface.
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Limestone Pavement
A smooth flat surface of exposed limestone.
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Grykes
The gaps between clints.
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Sustainable
Meeting the needs of people today, without hinering the ability of people in the future to meet their own needs.
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Aggregate
Crushed stone used for road builing and construstion.
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Aquifer
A permeable rock that stores water like an underground reservoir.
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NIMBY
NOT IN MY BACK YARD. People dont want to be disturbed by things like quarrying
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Escarpment
Beds of chalk that dip at an angle.
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Dip slop
Where the clay has eroded leaving a dip on the back of an escarpment.
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Clay Vale
A clay soil after an escarpment.
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Spring Line Settlements
When it rains, chalk absorbs the water down into the ground untill it gets to the clay layer underneath. The water starts to seep out to the surface creating rivers and springs acting as an aquifer.
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
Two or more periods separated by a catastrofic event which caused mass distinction.
Back
Era
Card 3
Front
Rocks formed my the cooling of moten magma.
Back
Card 4
Front
Rocks made from material the has settled to the bottem of a liquid (the sea) and compressed over time.
Back
Card 5
Front
Sedimentary rocks than have been compressed so much it has changed or transformed into a different rock.
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