geography rivers topic

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1 name the erosion HAAS prosseses.
hydrolic action, abrasion, attrition, solution.
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2 hydrolic action is?
the force of the water against rocks where air can get traped in creverses. this weekens the banks.
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3 Abrasion is?
rocks carried along by the river bang against the bed and wear them away.
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4 attrition is?
rocks smash to gether and break apart becoming smother in the prossess.
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5 solution is?
soluble particals are dissoled into the river.
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6 veritical erosion is?
donward erosion ushualy found in the upper course.
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7 lateral erosion is?
horizontal erosion mainly in the lower course.
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8 name the prosseses of transportation TSSS.
traction, suspention, saltation, solution.
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9 traction is?
the rolling of bolders down a river bed.
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10 suspention is?
fine particals held up in the water while the water is moving.
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11 saltation is?
the pebbles bouncing down the river bed.
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12 solution is?
particals dissolved in the water are carried down streem.
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13 deposition is?
as the river losses energy the larger pices of bed load are droped first as they require more energy. then smaller pices are droped.
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14 erosion in upper course of a river is?
vertical erosion.
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15 erosion in the lower course of a river is?
lateral erosion.
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16 what are interlocking spers and how are they formed?
ridges progecting on alternate sides of the vally. there is no lateral erosion in the upper course so the riverr can't erode the sides of the spurs so it has to wind around them.
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17 where is the fastest flow of water on a meander?
outside bends
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18 what features do you fined on the outside bend of a meander?
river clif, undercuting
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19 where is the slowest water flow on a meander?
the inside bend.
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20 what features do you fined on the inside bend of a meander?
slip of slope, deposition.
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21 how are levees formed?
in a flood when the volosity of the river slows down the hevyer bed load is droped first on the banks of the river then the lighter bed load is droped thurther away from the river.
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22 what is an estuarie?
the tidal mouth of a river.
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23 how does urbanisaion affect flood risk?
impermiable rock serfaces increase surface run off
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24 how does deforestation affect flood risk?
less interseption and transpiration which increases run off to river.
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25 how does snow melt affect flood risk?
long lagtime and a sudden rush of water when snow melts.
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26 how does heavy rain affect flood risk?
the ground becomes saturated so nomore infiltration and more surface runn off
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27 how does rock type affect flood risk?
the permiabiltity of rock affects percolation which also affects the surace run off.
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28 hard enginearing is?
using artifical structures to disrupt reduce or stop river prosseses.
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29 dams and resivors benifits and dis advantages.
advantages: las long, can generate HEP, effective flood management, water storage. disadvantages: expensive, eye sore, flood land behined them, damage habitats.
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30 river channel stratening advantages and dissadvantages.
advantages: reduces flooding by increasing river volosity. disadvantages: damage habitats, passes problem on down streem, not avaliable in areas with buildings built around the river.
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31 embankment advantages and disadvantages.
advantages: increases river capacity. disadvantages: pases problem on down streem, expensive, eyesore, if they break the flood can be catastropfic.
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32 flood releaf channels advantages and disadvantages.
advantages: reduces high of river, can create new wetland habitats disadvantages: may flood where it rejoins the main channel.
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33 soft enginearing is?
use of the natrual environment to reduce the impact of river prosseses.
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34 floodwarnings and preperation advantades and disadvantages.
advantages: costs of the flood are reduced as people can evacuate belongings.
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35 floodplain zoning advantades and disadvantages.
advantages: reduces the cost of the flood, infiltration can occour disadantages: not possable where the settlement is already bulit.
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36 planting trees advantades and disadvantages.
advantages: increase interseption and transperation, creates new habitats disadvantages: takes along time to grow
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37 river restoration advantades and disadvantages.
advantages: creates new habitat, little maintanance, reduces flooding down streem disadvantages: takes up land, not possable in built up areas.
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38 example of flood management sheem in uk is?
somerset management of the river Parrett
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39 why the flood management scheem was needed?
in winter 2013-14 600 homes where flooded. muchelney village was cutt off
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40 what they did to the rivers in somerset.
started dreging to 8km of the river Tone and Parrett, releaf channels and pumps in place if the water gets too high, ring bank protecting muchelney, remocing vegetation from the river Parrett.
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41 social impacts of this was
homes protected, communaties reashured, however isolated farms are still at risk.
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42 economic impacts of this
acsess to businesses is maintained during a flood in the mucheney vilage, stoped inshurance rising too much, dredging is expensive, council tax raised by £25 per year.
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43 environmental impacts
dredging may damage habiats, riverhabitats presurved by removing dead vegitation.
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

2 hydrolic action is?

Back

the force of the water against rocks where air can get traped in creverses. this weekens the banks.

Card 3

Front

3 Abrasion is?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

4 attrition is?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

5 solution is?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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