Geography Rivers and Coasts Key Terms

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Evaporation
Water turning into water vapour
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Evapotranspiration
the sum of evaporation from the Earth's surface together with the transpiration of plants
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Groundwater Flow
movement of water underground through rocks
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Infiltration
Seeping of water into soil
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Interception
Collection of water by vegetation
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Precipitation
Moisture that falls from the atmosphere in any form
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Surface run off
all water flowing on the earths surface
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Sustainable
Capable of existing in the long term
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Through-flow
Movement of water through soil
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Transpiration
loss of moisture from plants
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Water table
the upper level of underground water
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Bedload
Larger particles moved along a river bed
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Erosion
The wearing away and removal of rocks by the action of water, wind or ice
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Freeze-thaw
the continued freezing and thawing of moisture in rocks that will eventually cause them to break
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Weathering
Breaking up of rocks by the action of weather, plants, animals and chemical processes
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Hydro-electricity
electricity produced by flowing water
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Lateral erosion
erosion of the sides of a valley
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Vertical erosion
downward erosion of a river bed
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Delta
Where a river breaks into many distributaries before it reaches the sea
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Estuary
tidal part of a river mouth
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Flood Plain
flat area next to a river that is liable to flood
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Meanders
large bends in a river
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Reclaimed land
Land that has been drained so that it can be used for development
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Discharge
The volume of water in a river passing a point in a given time, measured in cumecs
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Impermeable
a surface that does not allow water to pass through it
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Permeable
a surface that allows water to pass through it
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Canalisation
Making a river more like an artificially built canal
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Irrigation
artificial watering of the land
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Monsoon
annual period of heavy rainfall in Asia
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Storm Surge
Extreme storm waves created by strong waves and low pressure, leading to higher sea levels and flooding
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Hard engineering
Use of concrete barriers to control water
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Catchment flood management plans
plans setting out strategies to reduce flood risks in a river basin over 50-100 years
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

the sum of evaporation from the Earth's surface together with the transpiration of plants

Back

Evapotranspiration

Card 3

Front

movement of water underground through rocks

Back

Preview of the back of card 3

Card 4

Front

Seeping of water into soil

Back

Preview of the back of card 4

Card 5

Front

Collection of water by vegetation

Back

Preview of the back of card 5
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