A means of measuring earthquakes by describing and compare the damage done on a scale of I to XII, where XII is the most powerful. This is directly related to the INTENSITY of an earthquake.
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Magnitude
A measure of the force/size (amount of energy released) of an earthquake using the Richter scale. The greater the magnitude, the more powerful the earthquake.
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Intensity
A measure of the effect of an earthquake: in terms of the damage caused. (Mercalli Scale).
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Liquefaction
A phenomenon in which the strength and stiffness of a soil or rock is reduced by the earthquake shaking the ground. The ground surface structure changes, releasing moisture that causes the rock/ground to respond or act like a liquid.
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Tsunami
A special type of wave where the entire depth of the sea or ocean is set in motion by an event, often an earthquake, which displaces the water above it and creates a huge wave.
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Monitoring the three 'P'S'
The collective terms for prediction, protection and preparation.
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Prediction
Using historical evidence and monitoring in an attempt to forecast an event – about where and when it may happen.
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Protection
Designing and constructing buildings so that they will withstand tectonic hazards. i.e. are safe to live in and will not collapse. (Also known as Mitigation)
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Mitigation
Actions taken to reduce or eliminate the long-term risks to human life and property from natural hazards. E.g. building earthquake proof buildings, large scale flood defences, international agreements on carbon reduction.
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Adaptation
Actions taken to adjust to natural events such as climate change, to reduce the potential damage, limit the impacts, take advantage of opportunities or cope with the consequences.
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Preparation
Organising activities and drills so that people know what to do in the event of an earthquake.
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
A measure of the force/size (amount of energy released) of an earthquake using the Richter scale. The greater the magnitude, the more powerful the earthquake.
Back
Magnitude
Card 3
Front
A measure of the effect of an earthquake: in terms of the damage caused. (Mercalli Scale).
Back
Card 4
Front
A phenomenon in which the strength and stiffness of a soil or rock is reduced by the earthquake shaking the ground. The ground surface structure changes, releasing moisture that causes the rock/ground to respond or act like a liquid.
Back
Card 5
Front
A special type of wave where the entire depth of the sea or ocean is set in motion by an event, often an earthquake, which displaces the water above it and creates a huge wave.
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