Geography Key Terms

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Hydraulic Action (Coastal)
Water and air is forced into cracks in rocks. As the wave hits, the air is compressed, and as the wave recedes, the air expands quickly. This process is repeated until eventually the cracks widen and pieces of the rock fall off
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Plucking (Glaciated Uplands)
Ice freezes into cracks in rocks. When the glacier moves, chunks of the rocks are ripped out, forming a jagged surface.
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Attrition (Coastal)
Rocks picked up by the waves hit into one another until they eventually become smaller and rounder
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Eluviation (Soils)
Downward movement of material where precipitation higher than evaporation
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Peak Discharge (Hydrosphere)
When the discharge in a river is at its greatest
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Solution (Coastal)
Soluble minerals in rocks are dissolved by the sea water.
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Abrasion (Glatiated Uplands)
Rocks trapped under the glacier grind away at the bedrock as the glacier moves.
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Longshore drift (Coastal)
The transport of material along a coastline
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Illuviation (Soils)
When material goes into the soil
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Tombolo (Coastal)
A spit joins a headland to an island
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Rising Limb (Hydrosphre)
An increase of water discharge
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Falling Limb (Hydrosphere)
A decrease of water discharge
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Sand-bar (Coastal)
A spit joins one headland to another
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Peak Rainfal (Hydrosphere)
When the rainfall is at its greatest
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Corrasion (Coastal)
Rocks and sand are thrown at the cliff by the waves. Overtime the rock scrapes away, undercutting the base of the cliff.
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Lag Time (Hydrosphere)
The difference between the peak rainfall and the peak discharge
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Aquifer (Hydrosphere)
Permeable rocks with impermeable rocks beneath them
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Water Table (Hydrosphere)
Top level of saturation in the aquifer
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Impermeable Rocks (Hydrosphere)
Rocks that DO NOT allow water to pass through them
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Permeable Rocks (Hydrosphere)
Rocks that DO allow water to pass through them
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Percolation (Hydrosphere)
Water moves from hard rocks to soft rocks
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Discharge (Hydrosphere)
The amount of water in a river
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Base Flow (Hydrosphere)
The normal discharge of a river
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Through Flow (Hydrosphere)
Water passing through soil
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Advection (Hydrosphere)
The movement of clouds
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Interception (Hydrosphere)
Vegetation collects precipitation
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Ground-Water Flow (Hydrosphere)
Water moving underground along the water table
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Run-Off (Overland Flow) (Hydrosphere)
Movement of water over the Earth's surface
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Infiltration (Hydrosphere)
Water seeps into the ground
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Precipitation (Hydrosphere)
Water falling down on Earth's surface
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Condensation (Hydrosphere)
Water turns into vapour when cooled down
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Evaporation (Hydrosphere)
Water turns from a liquid to a gas when heated up
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Transpiration / Evapotranspiration (Hydrosphere)
Precipitation collected by vegetation through interception is released into the air as water vapour
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

Ice freezes into cracks in rocks. When the glacier moves, chunks of the rocks are ripped out, forming a jagged surface.

Back

Plucking (Glaciated Uplands)

Card 3

Front

Rocks picked up by the waves hit into one another until they eventually become smaller and rounder

Back

Preview of the back of card 3

Card 4

Front

Downward movement of material where precipitation higher than evaporation

Back

Preview of the back of card 4

Card 5

Front

When the discharge in a river is at its greatest

Back

Preview of the back of card 5
View more cards

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