the process where people, a place or a country change, or make economic or social progress
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economic factors
the average wealth or income. the growth rate of an economy, trade surplus/deficit, the unemployment rate and the cost of living
2 of 28
social factors
health, education, housing, equity, and opportunities for leisure and recreation
3 of 28
technological factors
electrification, internet access, and efficiency gains in farming and industry
4 of 28
cultural factors
how happy people are with their place in the world shaped by, among other things, democratisation, the balance between traditional and imported cultures, and the work-life balance
5 of 28
food security
when all people at all times have access to sufficient, safe, nutritious food to maintain a healthy and active life
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availability
sufficient amounts of food being available on a constant basis
7 of 28
access
having sufficient resources to obtain appropriate foods for a nutritious diet
8 of 28
consumption
making appropriate use based on knowledge of basic nutrition and care, as well as adequate water and sanitation
9 of 28
water security
the capacity of a population to safeguard sustainable access to adequate quantities of acceptable quality water
10 of 28
gross domestic product {GDP}
the total value of goods and services produced by a country in a year
11 of 28
development gap
difference in income and the quality of life in general between the richest and poorest countries in the world
12 of 28
Gini coefficient
a statistical technique used to show the extent of income inequality in a country
13 of 28
gross disposable household income {GDHI}
the amount of money the households {individuals or families} have available for spending or saving
14 of 28
colonialism
acquiring control over another country, occupying it with settlers, and exploiting it economically
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neo-colonialism
the dominance of poor countries by rich countries, not by direct political control {as in colonialism}, but by economic power and cultural influence
16 of 28
debt
money owed by a country to another country, to private creditors {e.g. commercial banks} or to international agencies such as the World Bank or IMF
17 of 28
informal sector
the part of an economy operating outside of official recognition
18 of 28
appropriate technology
aid with in the level of technology and the skills required to service it are properly suited to the conditions in the receiving country
19 of 28
foreign direct investment {FDI}
overseas investment in physical capital by transnational corporations
20 of 28
fair trade
a movement that aims to create direct long-term trading links with produces in developing countries to ensure they receive a fair and guaranteed price for their products
21 of 28
aid
assistance in the form of grants or loans at below market rates
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foreign aid
aid supplied to other countries
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foreign exchange gap
countries lack the money to pay for imports, such as machinery and oil, which are vital to development
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saving gap
population pressures and other factors prevent the accumulation of enough capital to invest in industry and infrastructure
25 of 28
technical gap
a shortage of the skills needed for development
26 of 28
gross national product {GNP}
GDP plus overseas earnings; it is also called GNI
27 of 28
remittances
money sent back by migrants to their families in the home community
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
economic factors
Back
the average wealth or income. the growth rate of an economy, trade surplus/deficit, the unemployment rate and the cost of living
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