Geog weather and climate

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What is weather?
The state of the atomsphere at any given time
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What is climate?
The average weather in a place. It tells you what the weather is usually like in a given place
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What is temperature? What is it measured in? how is it measured?
exactly how hot or cold it is, thermometer, degrees centigrade
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What is air pressure? What is it measured in? How is it meausured?
How 'heavy' the air is, millibars (mb), barometer
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What is cloud cover? What is it measured in? How is it measured
How much of the sky is hidden by clouds, oktas, your eyes
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What is wind speed? What is it measured in? How is it measured?
How fast the wind is blowing. kilometers or miles per hour,anemometer
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What is wind direction? What is it measured in? How is it measured?
The direction that the wind is blowing from (a south west wind blows from a south west direction), compass bearing, wind vane
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What is precipitation? What is it measured in? How is it measured?
Water falling from the sky in any form (rain, hail, snow, sleet), mm per day or month or year, rain guage
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What is visibility? What is it measured in? How is it measured?
How far ahead we can see, for example on a foggy day, meters or kilometers, visibility meter
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What are the three main types of rain?
Convectional, relief, frontal
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What happens during convectional rainfall?
Currents of warm air rise called convectional currents. The rising air cools and condenses to form clouds; it then rains
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What happens during relief rainfall?
When warm air from the ocean meets hills or mountains it is forced to go up. The rising air cools and condenses to form clouds; it then rains
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What happens during frontal rainfall?
A warm air mass meets a cold one. the warm air mass slides over the cold one. The rising cools and condenses to form clouds; it then rains
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What are the four main types of clouds?
Cumulus, stratus, cirrus, cumulonimbus
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Desribe cumulus clouds
Fluffy clouds. They form low in the sky Can bring short, heavy showers (Some grow into tall dark clouds that bring very heavy rain)
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Describe stratus clouds
Big blankets of cloud, They hang low in the sky, They can cover the whole sky, They can give drizzle, but not heavy showers
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Describe cirrus clouds
Thin whispy clouds (over 6km up), It's freezing up there, so they are made of ice cyrstals, They generally mean fair to pleasant weather
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Describe cumulonimbus clouds
Large and tall clouds, They form at fairly high heights, They are usually associated with thunderstorms and often thunder and lightning as well
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How do we get air pressure?
All the air above us is pushing down on us, giving us air pressure
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What does it mean if the air pressure is low?
The air is rising
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What does it mean if the air pressure is high?
The air is sinking
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What weather does high pressure bring in winter?
Frosty nights, ice and fog, clear skies, cold but sunny days, light or no winds
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What weather does high pressure bring in summer?
clear skies, chance of thunderstorms, strong sunshine, high temperatures, light or no winds
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What is the center of the high pressure called on a map?
anticylcone
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What are the lines called on a map of high pressure? What do they do?
Isobars- they join areas of the same air pressure, like contour lines on a map
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What is an air mass?
Air masses are when the air moves in huge blocks. An air mass can be warm or cold, damp or dry, depending on where it came from
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What happens during a depression?
Check book
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What is a front?
The leading edge of an air mass
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What does a warm front mean?
A warm air mass is arriving
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What does a cold front mean?
A cold air mass is arriving
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What shape and colour is used to show warm fronts?
red circles
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What shape and colour is used to show cold fronts?
blue triangles
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Climate of the UK
Check book
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What is a hurricane classed as?
Tropical revolving storm
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Where do tropical revolving storms occur?
They form over oceans, They form between 15 degrees and 30 degrees N and S of the equator, They move towards the poles, The majority form in or near the Indian ocean
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Where do hurricanes occur?
America
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How do TRS occur?
They must be a low wind shear in the atmosphere, warm ocean water (over 27 degrees) and a depth of over 85 meters
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What drives the TRS?
The energy from the warm ocean
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What are some effects of Hurricane Sandy on Haiti?
-drought , -food shortage, -people were homeless, -crops washed away, -54 people died
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What are some effects of Hurricane Sandy on Cuba?
-houses were lost, waited weeks for help, -11 people dies
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What are some effects of Hurricane Sandy on the USA?
-24 states were hit, -very costly, -elections were interrupted
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What are some effects of Hurricane Sandy on New Jersey?
-worst hit state, -million people lost power, -people had to evacuate their homes
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What are some effects of Hurricane Sandy on New York?
-airports were closed, -fires, -big snowstorm, -many people lost power, - stock exchange closed for 2 days, -millions of dollars lost in banks
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

What is climate?

Back

The average weather in a place. It tells you what the weather is usually like in a given place

Card 3

Front

What is temperature? What is it measured in? how is it measured?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What is air pressure? What is it measured in? How is it meausured?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

What is cloud cover? What is it measured in? How is it measured

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
View more cards

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