Geog Revision- Settlement Change

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What is a settlement?
A place where people live and are involved in activities.
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What is a site?
The ground in which a settlement has been built on- physical characteristics.
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What is the situation?
The location of a settlement relative to its surroundings.
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Give some examples of physical factors.
Aspect, flat/well drained land, shelter, water supply, fuel supply, defence
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Give some examples of human factors.
Trade, access/transport, resources
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What is a nucleated settlement?
-Its formed at a cross road or where a route centres -The buildings are grouped closely together
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What is a dispersed settlement?
-Individual, spread out buildings -Often rural farming villages, where woodland has gradually been cleared.
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What is a linear settlement?
-The buildings are on either side of the road, valley or coast -Ribbon effect...housing grows out from a town down a main road
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Whats the definition of counterurbanisation?
The movement of people from urban areas to rural areas.
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What are the reasons for counterurbanisation?
Transport means its easier for people to commute. Theres lots of pollution in big cities. Housing is cheaper outside big cities. There is more personal space, more peaceful. Today, communication devices are easier to access. People work from home.
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What is urbanisation?
People move into cities to find work. (Happened in the industrial revolution.)
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What is rural depopulation?
Migration from rural areas. Most people move to urban areas.
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What are the push factors from rural areas?
Lack of entertainment/leisure. Few people. Fewer job opportunities. Poor public transport.Low wages in agricultural work.
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What are the pull factors to urban areas?
Better/wider range of services. More/greater variety of job opportunites. More people...social. More leisure/entertainment. Prospect of higher paid work.
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Why do we need more housing?
People can afford to move out younger. Mortgages are asier to obtain. Rise in population. Older people live alone. Generations live apart. Rise in divorces. People marrying later in life.
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What is a brownfield site?
Land which has been previously developed. Is or has been occupied by permanent structure. May be in an urban or rural setting. Does not includeagricultural land.
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What is a greenfield site?
Land which is not occupied by a permanent structure. Usually applies to land in the country. Can be undevelopedland in urban setting.
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How many cars, motorbikes and taxis are there in Cairo?
2000000 cars, 200000 motorbikes and 1000000 taxis.
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How much does the population rise by each year?
50000 to 350000 more people per annum.
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how many people are there per household?
7
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Why are the services struggling?
They cannot keep up with the rapid growth.
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What percentage of people live in slums?
60%
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In the city of the dead how many people live in slums?
50000
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In the city of the dead how many people live in tenement housing?
500000
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How long is the City of the Dead?
4 miles long.
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How is the water pollution caused in the city of the dead?
By idustrial and domestic waste water.
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Where does the waste water go?
80% goes into Nile
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Why is this bad?
It effects the fishing industry.
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What percentage of the population doesnt have access to fresh water?
23%
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What percentage of the population isnt connected to sewage works?
25%
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What are the transport issues in Cairo?
There is congestion in the CBD. Working Hours are therefore lost. Air pollution due to car fumes. Photochemical smogs (because of pollution) result in breathing problems..
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How are the air pollution issues caused in Cairo?
They are caused by industry and transport.
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How many people have serious health problems due to pollution?
500000
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How many people will die prematurely?
37% of population.
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How many tonnes of solid waste are collected per annum?
1000 tonnes, 60% collected.
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What animals live on wate sites and why is this bad?
Rats and other vermin which carry diseases.
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How many tonnes are there of toxic hazardous waste per annum?
5000 tonnes.
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Where is Riverside situated?
In the inner city of Nowich.
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What was the initial cost?
£75 million.
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What was the previous land use of Riverside? What is it like after redevelopment?
Industrial land use and railway sidings has been redeveloped into mixed retail, leisure and residential facilities.
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How much land does it cover?
44 acres
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Who used to own the land?
Boulton and Paul Joinery and Engineering works.
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Why was the location important for redevelopment?
It increased tourism to the city. It was close to CBD. Its close to Broads National Park. Reduces pollution rate. Provides business.
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What will eco towns provide?
Sustainable and affordable housing.
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What percentage of ecotowns must be greenspace?
40%
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What sort of energy sources will ecotowns use?
Low and zero carbon energy sources.
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What does sustainable mean?
Looking after a place well: socially, environmentally and economically in the long term.
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Why does housing in ecotowns need to be affordable?
More people with lower incomes can afford to buy a house and live in a more environmentally way.
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

What is a site?

Back

The ground in which a settlement has been built on- physical characteristics.

Card 3

Front

What is the situation?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

Give some examples of physical factors.

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

Give some examples of human factors.

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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