Genetic Diversity

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  • Created by: Alice
  • Created on: 26-05-14 21:38
What is genetic diversity?
Differences in base sequences/amino acids/proteins which define organisms
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Explain what is meant by a reduction in genetic diversity.
Reduced genetic diversity = reduced level of alleles = reduced gene pool = few characteristics, can't adapt to environment
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Do organisms differ in alleles or genes?
Alleles
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In Selective Breeding, who is chosen as part of artificial selection?
Individuals with desired characteristics used to parent the next generation
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What happens to unwanted characteristics?
Alleles giving unwanted characteristics are bred out of the population
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What happens to the allele variety?
Restricted to only desire alleles, so reduced genetic diversity
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What is selective breeding used for?
High yielding breeds of animals and plants
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There are five ethical implications of selective breeding - name them.
Balacing the yield with animal welfare. Losing beneficial alleles. Use of selective breeding for pets and designer babies. Interfering with nature. Consumerism.
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How would a genetic bottleneck unfold?
Dramatic drop in species population, from a chance event like an eruption. Few remaining survivors posses fewer alleles in different frequencies, reduce genetic diversity.
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What happens when the population breeds? (In a genetic bottleneck)
Re-establish small population but a restricted genetic diversity remains
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What kicks off The Founder Effect?
Few individuals from a population colonise a new region
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In the Founder Effect, organisms are not representative of their larger population. Why?
Only carry a few alleles.
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The new population in the founder effect has a WHAT diversity and what does this lead to?
Reduced genetic diversity than before which may mean that the new population develops into a separate species. It is less able to adapt to changing conditions due to fewer alleles.
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

Explain what is meant by a reduction in genetic diversity.

Back

Reduced genetic diversity = reduced level of alleles = reduced gene pool = few characteristics, can't adapt to environment

Card 3

Front

Do organisms differ in alleles or genes?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

In Selective Breeding, who is chosen as part of artificial selection?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

What happens to unwanted characteristics?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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