Genes and Proteins 0.0 / 5 ? BiologyDNA, genetics and evolutionASAQA Created by: paigerosina_Created on: 24-05-18 15:19 Gene A short section of a chromosome coding for one or more polypeptides or functional RNA 1 of 14 Chromosome Thread-like structure by which hereditary information is passed from one generation to the next 2 of 14 What are the three main parts to a strand of DNA/RNA? Phosphate group, (deoxy)ribose and nitrogen containing organic base 3 of 14 Locus Position of a gene along a chromosome 4 of 14 What does a chromosome look like prior to division? 2 sister chromatids joined at the centromere 5 of 14 Allele One of a number of alternative forms of a gene 6 of 14 Homologous chromosomes Pair of chromosomes, one maternal and one paternal that have the same gene loci and therefore determine the same features 7 of 14 How is the DNA different a Eukaryote compared to in a Prokaryote? Eukaryote: long and linear, associated with histones so form chromosomes and is in a nucleus 8 of 14 How many amino acids are there? 20 9 of 14 Degenerate code A number of different triplet codes can code for the same amino acid 10 of 14 Universal Each triplet codes for the same amino acid in all organisms 11 of 14 Non-overlapping Each base in the sequence is only read once 12 of 14 Introns Non-coding regions of gene 13 of 14 Exons Coding regions of gene 14 of 14
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