Gender Theorists

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Lakoff 1975
Women use hedges, fillers, tag questions, apologetic requests, speak less, use fewer expletives, and more intensifiers
1 of 16
Zimmerman and West 1975
Found 96% of interruptions were made by men, suggesting male dominance in conversations
2 of 16
O'Barr and Atkins 1980
Disputed Lakoff and said that it was males and females of low social status who used these linguistic features
3 of 16
Beattie 1982
Questioned Zimmerman and West's theory that men's interruptions were a sign of dominance, he said it could be to show support and understanding
4 of 16
Chesire 1982
Boys tend to use more non-grammatical forms like 'ain't' than girls
5 of 16
Trugill 1983
Women's pronunciation is closer to RP than males
6 of 16
Tanner 1990
Men are more concerned with status and don't mind conflict whilst women are more interested for bonds and avoiding conflict
7 of 16
Cameron 2007
Argued all theories were biased because they concentrated on the differences in men and women's speech rather than the similarities
8 of 16
Jennifer Coates
Women's 'talk' falls into four categories, bitching, chatting, house talk and scandal
9 of 16
Randall
Girls have lengthier contact with teachers in 1:1 classroom interaction than boys
10 of 16
Spender
Boys are more frequently involved in teacher initiated interaction than girls
11 of 16
Fishman
In mixed-sex conversations, men speak for approximately twice as long as women
12 of 16
Difference Approach
Men and women are from different sub-cultures
13 of 16
Jane Pilkington
Women in same-sex talk are more collaborative than men in all male talk
14 of 16
Koenraad Kuiper
Studied all-male talk amongst a rugby team, he found men used insults as a way of expressing solidarity
15 of 16
Norman Fairclough
Synthetic Personalisation Theorist
16 of 16

Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

Found 96% of interruptions were made by men, suggesting male dominance in conversations

Back

Zimmerman and West 1975

Card 3

Front

Disputed Lakoff and said that it was males and females of low social status who used these linguistic features

Back

Preview of the back of card 3

Card 4

Front

Questioned Zimmerman and West's theory that men's interruptions were a sign of dominance, he said it could be to show support and understanding

Back

Preview of the back of card 4

Card 5

Front

Boys tend to use more non-grammatical forms like 'ain't' than girls

Back

Preview of the back of card 5
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