GENDER BIAS CONTROVERSIES 0.0 / 5 ? PsychologyGenderA2/A-levelWJEC Created by: jawjeenerCreated on: 20-04-16 16:08 Freud's theory of psychosexual development Displays alpha bias // Viewed femininity as failed masculinity 1 of 19 Freud Suggested gender/moral development occur in the phallic stage where oedipus/electra complexes are resolved 2 of 19 Freud's case of Little Hans Supported the idea of oedipus complex // 3 of 19 Lacan Disagreed // Argued penis envy is not to be taken literally // Symbol of how males are dominant and females are bitter of this 4 of 19 Brown and Pedder Also disagreed with Freud // Argued phallic stage is a time of rivalry between child and same sex parent 5 of 19 Biological theories of stress Display beta bias // Only male participants used to avoid hormones of menstrual cycle affecting 6 of 19 Taylor et al Females use 'tend or befriend' in response to stress 7 of 19 Hare-Mustin & Maracek Argued giving males & females equal treatment ignores women's legitimate needs 8 of 19 Kohlberg's theory of moral development Demonstrates beta bias due to ANDROCENTRISM // Only used male participants when looking at justice orientation 9 of 19 Gilligan Argued Kohlberg used a male view of the world and ignored the fact that males and females have different moral priorities 10 of 19 Gilligan Males use a justice orientation // Females use a care orientation to make moral judgements 11 of 19 Walker Used large sample of male & females and used real and hypothetical dilemmas // Found no sex differences in moral stage reached 12 of 19 Feminist Psychologists Present positive way of dealing with gender bias // ''REVERSE ALPHA BIAS'' 13 of 19 Reverse alpha bias Develops theories to show gender differences BUT emphasise the value of women 14 of 19 Lonner & Malpass 90% of psychologists were white, middle class males 15 of 19 Paludi Females are less likely to demonstrate natural behaviour in lab studies 16 of 19 Eagly & Johnson Found minimal differences in real life situations but significant differences in lab studies 17 of 19 Hetherington Psychology should use alternative methods 18 of 19 Worrell Gender biased can be reduced by using alternative methods 19 of 19
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