GCSE AQA Geography urban case studies

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Rocinha, Rio de Janeiro - case study
Squatter settlement (favela)
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Rocinha, Rio de Janeiro - characteristics of the city
In Rio de Janeiro there are 600 squatter settlements housing one fifth of the city's population
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Rocinha, Rio de Janeiro - characteristics of favela
Approx. 150,000 inhabitants, steep landscape (so can't build formal housing), residents have an average of 4.1 years of education, less than 1% have a degree
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Rocinha, Rio de Janeiro - solutions
Favela-Bairro project started in 1995
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Favela-Bairro project - case study
Solution to squatter settlements
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Favela-Bairro project - what does it do?
Includes; daycare centres that look after children to allow parents to work, training schemes to teach people skills for jobs, provision of basic services (eg. water/rubbish collection), replacing housing materials with more stable ones
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Favela-Bairro project - successful?
Property values in favelas involved in the programmehave increased by 80-120%, number of local businesses within the favelas has almost doubled
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Nestle factory, Aylesbury - case study
Issues in MEDC cities - lack of housing
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Nestle factory, Aylesbury - what happened?
Factory demolished in November 2004, 136 flats built, 160 car parking spaces built
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Park and ride, Oxford - case study
Issues in MEDC cities - traffic/congestion
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Park and ride, Oxford - characteristics
5 park and ride sites around Oxford (eg. Thornhill), bus lanes to speed up process
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Congestion charge, London - case study
Issues in MEDC cities - traffic/congestion
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Congestion charge, London - what is it?
£11.50 daily charge from Mon-Fri, reduces congestion/CO2, reduced traiffic by 10% in 2003
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Curitiba, Brazil - case study
Sustainable city
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Curitiba, Brazil - biarticulated buses
'Express' bus system with pre-pay boarding stations (to decrease fuel used/journey times), more than 1.4 million passengers each day, same fares for all journeys, car use is 25% lower than national average
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Curitiba, Brazil - recycling
70% of rubbish is recycled
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Curitiba, Brazil - green exchange
People (typically in shanty towns) bring their sorted waste to bin lorries, in return they get bus tickets or food, this means so streets have to be widened (in shanty towns-expensive), more environmentally and economically beneficial
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Hulme, Manchester - case study
Issues in MEDC cities - inner city decline
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Hulme, Manchester - causes of decline
Overpopulation due to the industrial revolution meant poor living conditions, low income area due to many single person households and many people with social difficulties
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Hulme, Manchester - impacts
1970s oil crisis when heating homes became too expensive, police didn't patrol high-rise flats (allowing criminal activity, eg. mugging/drugs), within a decade the crescents (flats) were declared unsuitable for use, '80s-'90s squatters used the flats
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Hulme, Manchester - solutions
Plans drawn up in 1992 to build 3,000 new homes with other facilities (eg. shopping areas), greater mix of people living in the area, crime dramatically reduced
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Bullring, Birmingham - case study
Regeneration of the CBD
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Bullring, Birmingham - issues
Looked outdated, had mainly cheap discount shops, had a poor reputation for crime, couldn't compete with modern out-of-town centres
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Bullring, Birmingham - solutions
In the '90s Birmingham council decided to redevelop the Bullring site (160 new shops including Debenhams and 3,000 new car parking spaces), the new Bullring opened in 2003
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Oldham - case study
Issues in MEDC cities - multicultural society
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Oldham - what happened?
A series of racially motivated riots in May 2001 in Oldham (a town in Greater Manchester)
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Oldham - causes
Main cause was segregation in urban areas, mass immigration to industrial towns after WWII led to different cultures living in different areas, schools were
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Oldham - solutions
Providing facilities that encourage different communities to mix, increasing employment/community involvement, a new school opened in September 2011 aimed at integrating, work in schools - more prejudice and lack of understanding led to tension
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

In Rio de Janeiro there are 600 squatter settlements housing one fifth of the city's population

Back

Rocinha, Rio de Janeiro - characteristics of the city

Card 3

Front

Approx. 150,000 inhabitants, steep landscape (so can't build formal housing), residents have an average of 4.1 years of education, less than 1% have a degree

Back

Preview of the back of card 3

Card 4

Front

Favela-Bairro project started in 1995

Back

Preview of the back of card 4

Card 5

Front

Solution to squatter settlements

Back

Preview of the back of card 5
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