Two protons and two neutrons,
atomic number reduced by 2 and mass reduces by 4
Bottom number is mass top it atomic number
He42
2 of 13
What are gamma rays made up from?
Gamma rays don't change the charge or mass of the nucleus
3 of 13
What are beta particles made up from?
The number of protons in the nucleus increases by 1 so it loses an neutron.
Which increases the atomic number (bottom number)
e0-1
4 of 13
What does half life and activity measure?
How quickly unstable nuclei decay
5 of 13
What is the half life?
The half life is the time taken for the number of radioactive nuclei in an isotope to half.
6 of 13
Where does background radiation come from?
Radioactivity of unstable isotopes such as the air, food, building materials
Radiation from the sun, known as cosmic rays that come from the sun.
Radiation due to human activity such as nuclear waste
7 of 13
What is exposure to radiation called?
Irradiation this is when an object is near a radioactive source but it does not make it radioactive.
8 of 13
What can you do to reduce irradiation?
Keeping sources in lead-lined boxes and standing behind barriers.
9 of 13
What is contamination?
If unwanted radioactive atoms got onto the object it has become contaminated.
These contaminating atoms will decay releasing radiation which could cause harm.
10 of 13
Describe what is meant by isotopes of an element?
Atoms with the same number of protons however it has a different number of neutrons in their nucleus.
11 of 13
Define ionising?
An atom losing or gaining at least one electron
12 of 13
An electron is emitted from a nucleus. State the effect this has on the charge of the nucleus.
It increases the positive charge on the nucleus.
13 of 13
Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
What are alpha particles made up from?
Back
Two protons and two neutrons,
atomic number reduced by 2 and mass reduces by 4
Bottom number is mass top it atomic number
He42
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