GCSE Citizenship Keywords

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  • Created by: GSidhu
  • Created on: 27-08-18 13:20
Acts of Parliament
Laws passed by Parliament. Also called statute law
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Agenda
Requires governments and local authorities to develop policies and help achieve sustainable development. It focuses especially on involving local people
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Asylum seekers
People seeking the right to stay in a host country after escaping persecution or violence in their own country
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Censorship
The control of what can be said, written or published
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Civil law
The part of the common law that sorts out disagreements between people when the state is not directly involved
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Civil liberties
A set of rights people have. The include freedom of speech and assembly
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Civil partnership
A registration of a relationship that gives same-sex (gay and lesbian) couples the same legal rights and responsibilities as a married couple
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Common law partnership
An unmarried man and woman living together. They don't have most of the rights and responsibilities conferred by marriage
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Commonwealth of Nations
Organisation originating from former British colonies which work together towards common political and social aims
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Communities
Groups of people sharing certain values or circumstances - like people living in the same area or with the same religious beliefs
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Consumer rights
The rights of someone who buys something or pays for a service
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Crown courts
Courts which deal with serious criminal cases - a judge is in charge, but verdicts are decided by a jury
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Crown Prosecution Service (CPS)
A separate body from the police. They decide whether someone should be taken to court and prosecuted
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Democracy
A system where a country or organisation is ruled by the people in it
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Elections
How we choose between different candidates. Examples are school council elections, or general elections
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Equal opportunities
Giving all people the same opportunities (e.g. for education, employment or health care) regardless of differences in race, gender, or disability
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Ethnic group
A group of people who share a culture, identity or country of origin
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European Commission
The EU institution which writes new economic, environmental, social and foreign policy
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European Convention on Human Rights
An international agreement drawn up after WWII which sets out basic human rights which apply to everyone
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European Parliament
The elected group which controls the EU
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European Union (EU)
A group of European countries with a "single market" that lets people, money and goods move freely between member countries
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Exams
Formal tests to show knowledge. Grim but not actually an infringement of your human rights
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Fair trade
An approach to trading which makes sure producers in poor countries are paid fairly and have decent working conditions
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First-past-the-post
The voting system for general elections in the UK. The candidate with the most votes in each constituency (area) wins and becomes its MP. The political party with the majority of MPs forms the government
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Freedoms
Civil liberties that allow you to do what you want to do (as long as it's not illegal), e.g. speak in public protest or meet in a group
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General elections
The elections where people vote for the political party they want to be in charge of the national government. They do this by choosing their local Member of Parliament
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Governments
Bodies or groups who are in charge of an area or country
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House of Commons
The part of Parliament which is made up of elected MPs
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House of Lords
The part of Parliament which is made up of specially appointed peers. The examine the laws made in the Commons
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Humanitarian laws
Also known as the laws of war. Rules for what a country is allowed to do in a war so that unnecessary suffering or damage is prevented
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Human rights
Rights and freedoms which every human is entitled to
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Interdependence
Where one thing is affected by the actions of another, and vice versa
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International Criminal Court
A court set up by the UN to deal with war criminals and those guilty of crimes such as genocide
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Juries
Members of the general public who hear trials in a crown court and decide whether a defendant is guilty or not
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Kyoto Protocol
An agreement signed in 1997. It aimed to reduce greenhouse gas emissions
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Magistrates' Court
Local courts which hear most criminal cases
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Marriage
Legal (and sometimes also religious) recognition of a relationship between a man and a woman. Married couples have legal rights and responsibilities, including shared responsibility for children, rights to a shared home and some tax benefits
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Media
A way of passing on information, e.g. TV, newspapers, magazines, the Internet
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Moral responsibility
Responsibility to behave in a way that most people would see as good or right
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North Atlantic Treaty Organisation (NATO)
A mutual defence alliance including Britain, USA, France and Germany. It views an attack on one member as "an attack on the entire alliance"
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Non-statutory bodies
Organisations not set up by the government, and without any legal powers e.g. Citizens' Advice Bureau
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OFCOM (Office of Communications)
An organisation that produces guidelines for radio and TV programmes
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Parliament
The body which makes laws in the UK. It consists of the House of Commons, the House of Lords and the Crown (the monarch, who only has ceremonial duties)
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Political parties
Groups of people with a similar opinion of how to run the country or a local area. They try to get MPs and councillors elected
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Press Complaints Commission (PCC)
Manages the voluntary code of conduct which governs the media
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Pressure groups
Organisations that try to influence governments from the outside
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Private sector
All the businesses owned by private individuals
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Public services
Businesses owned by the government - like the army, the NHS, schools etc.
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Racism
The belief that certain races, ethnic groups or nationalities are superior, or inferior to others
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Referendum
When an important question is put to a direct vote of the people, rather than through MPs
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Refugees
People who have moved to another country to escape persecution in their own country
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Representative democracy
The system of government where people elect representatives to run things (e.g. MPs to run the country)
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Sale of Goods Act
Government act which tries to stop you being ripped off when buying things
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Statutory bodies
Organisations set up by the government to run something, e.g. local councils
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Sustainable development
Improving qualities of life in a way that can continue in the future
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Trade Descriptions Act
A law that makes it illegal for a company to make untrue claims about a product that is selling
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United Nations (UN)
An organisation which claims to find peaceful solutions to conflicts, and promote global cooperation and human rights
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Universal Declaration of Human Rights
The UN document which lays down the basic human rights which everyone has
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

Requires governments and local authorities to develop policies and help achieve sustainable development. It focuses especially on involving local people

Back

Agenda

Card 3

Front

People seeking the right to stay in a host country after escaping persecution or violence in their own country

Back

Preview of the back of card 3

Card 4

Front

The control of what can be said, written or published

Back

Preview of the back of card 4

Card 5

Front

The part of the common law that sorts out disagreements between people when the state is not directly involved

Back

Preview of the back of card 5
View more cards

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