GCSE Chemistry (organic chemistry)

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what is organic chemistry?
about compounds that contain carbon
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what is a hydrocarbon?
a compound that contains only hydrogen and carbon
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what is an alkane?
alkanes are the simplest type of hydrocarbon. contain only single bonds, are saturated, C2H2n+2, they are homologous series (react in similar ways)
METHANE/ETHANE,PROPANE,BUTANE
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How do the properties of hydrocarbons change as the chain gets longer?
longer chain are less runny and more viscous, longer chains are less volatile (higher bp), longer chains are less flammable, harder to ignite,
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what is complete combustion?
occurs when there is plenty of oxygen, hydrocarbon+oxygen->water+carbondioxide, both are oxidised, releases lots of energy, used as fuels
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what is crude oil?
a fossil fuel, formed from remain of plants and animals, high temp and pressure turns to crude oil which is drilled out from rocks, non-renewable fuel, finite resource
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how can fractional distillation be used to separate hydrocarbon fractions?
1. oil is heated into a gas, which enters fractioning column, temperature gradient, longer hydrocarbons cool and condense before as they have a higher boiling point, shorter chains have lower bp and rise up the column
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

what is a hydrocarbon?

Back

a compound that contains only hydrogen and carbon

Card 3

Front

what is an alkane?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

How do the properties of hydrocarbons change as the chain gets longer?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

what is complete combustion?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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