GCSE AQA 9-1 Biology: Cell Biology

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What are all living things made of?
Cells.
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What is the difference between eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells?
Eukaryotic cells are more complex (such as animal and plant cells), whereas prokaryotic are smaller and simple (bacteria) therefore not having a nucleus and other subcellular structures.
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What is the function of a nucleus?
Contains genetic material that controls the activities of the cell.
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What is the function of cytoplasm?
It is a gel like substance where most chemical reactions occur, controlled by enzymes.
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What is the function of the cell membrane?
It holds the cell together and controls what goes in and out.
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What is the function of mitochondria?
Where aerobic respiration takes place, giving the cell energy.
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What is the function of ribosomes?
Where protein synthesis occurs.
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What is the function of the cell wall?
It is made from cellulose and supports and strengthens the cell.
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What is the function of the permanent vacuole?
It contains cell sap (a weak solution of sugar and salts) storing nutrients.
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What is the function of chloroplasts?
Photosynthesis occurs here. They contain a green pigment called chlorophyll which absorbs the sunlight needed for photosynthesis.
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What subcellular structures do bacteria NOT have?
Chloroplasts, mitochondria, nucleus
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What do bacteria cells have instead of a nucleus?
A single circular strand of DNA that floats freely around the cytoplasm AND/OR plasmids (small rings of DNA)
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Card 2

Front

What is the difference between eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells?

Back

Eukaryotic cells are more complex (such as animal and plant cells), whereas prokaryotic are smaller and simple (bacteria) therefore not having a nucleus and other subcellular structures.

Card 3

Front

What is the function of a nucleus?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What is the function of cytoplasm?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

What is the function of the cell membrane?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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