What are the four factors that affect rate of reaction
Temperature,Surface Area, Concentration and Catalyst
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How does temperature speed up the rate of reaction?
It gives particles more energy so they collide with enough energy to make successful collisions more likely.
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How does concentration speed up the rate of reaction?
There are more particles in a set volume so their are more chances particles colliding with each other leading to more chances of successful collisions.
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How does increasing surface area speed up a reaction?
A bigger surface area means that there are more places for particles to interact increasing the chances for successful collisions
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How does a catalyst speed up a reaction?
It lowers the amount of energy needed in a collision meaning more particles will have more sucessful collisions
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What is an explosion
A very fast reaction that releases a large amount of gas.
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How do you calculate rate from a graph
you measure the gradient of the slope
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What is RFM?
Relative Formula Mass
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What is the RFM of Carbon Dioxide
c= 12 O=16 RFM = 12+16+16 = 44
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What is conservation of mass
What ever mass/ atoms you have at the strat of the reaction will be there at the end just on a different arrangement
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How do you calculate percentage yield?
Actual yield / Predicted yield x 100
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What is the percentage yield of Oxygen when its predicted yield was 16g but it only made 8g?
8/16 x 100 = 50
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Why is atom economy useful?
It tells you how effective the reaction is at making useful products
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How do you calculate atom economy?
mass of useful product / mass of all products x 100
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What is Calorimetry?
A method scientists use to calculate how much heat is produced from a reaction.
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How do you calculate the amount of energy released?
energy released = temperature change x c( specifc heat capacity of water) c x mass of water
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What is an endothermic reaction?
A reaction where heat is absorbed from the surroundings decreasing the overall temperature
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What is an exothermic reaction?
A reaction that releases energy to its surroundings.
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Is bond making or bond breaking exothermic?
bond making
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Is bond breaking endothermic or exothermic
endothermic
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What are allotropes
Substances made up of the same element but in a different structural arrangement.
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What are the three allotropes of carbon?
Diamond, Graphite and Buckminster fullerenes
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Why can graphite conduct electricity?
Not all of the carbon bonds are used so it has delocalised electrons to allow current to flow.
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What is a continuous process?
A manufacturing process that is automated and does not stop.
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Give an example of a batch process
Drug manufacture
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How can you test the purity of a drug.
Looking at its melting point or carrying out chromatography.
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
How does temperature speed up the rate of reaction?
Back
It gives particles more energy so they collide with enough energy to make successful collisions more likely.
Card 3
Front
How does concentration speed up the rate of reaction?
Back
Card 4
Front
How does increasing surface area speed up a reaction?
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