Gaseous Exchange

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Gaseous Exchange
Anatomy and Physiology
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Heart Rate, Stroke Volume and Cardiac Volume
Anatomy and Physiology
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What is partial pressure?
The pressure exerted by an individual gas held in a mixture of gases.
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What is gaseous exchange?
The movement of gases across a membrane.
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What is diffusion?
The movement of gases across a membrane down a gradient from an area of high to low pressure.
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What is a diffusion gradient?
The difference in areas of pressure from one side of a membrane to the other.
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What happens during diffusion at rest?
Passive movement of the gases down the gradient due to imbalance of oxygen and carbon dioxide.
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External Respiration at Rest
Oxygen moves from the high partial pressure in the alveoli into the low partial pressure in the capillaries. Carbon dioxide moves from the high partial pressure in the capillaries to the low partial pressure alveoli.
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Internal Respiration at Rest
Oxygen moves from the high partial pressure in the capillaries into the low partial pressure in the muscle cell. Carbon dioxide moves from the high partial pressure in the muscle cells to the low partial pressure capillaries.
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What happens during diffusion during exercise?
During exercise, the respiring muscles demand a far greater volume of oxygen and produce a greater volume of carbon dioxide. This means minute ventilation and cardiac output both increase to cater for this demand as blood becomes more deoxygenated.
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External Respiration during Exercise
The diffusion gradient steepens and oxygen diffuses from a higher partial pressure in the alveoli to a lower partial pressure in the capillary. CO2 diffuses from the higher PP in the capillary to the lower PP in the alveoli at a greater rate.
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Internal Respiration during Exercise
The diffusion gradient steepens and oxygen diffuses from a higher PP in the capillary to a lower PP in the muscle cell. CO2 diffuses from the higher PP in the muscle cell to the lower PP in the capillary.
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

Heart Rate, Stroke Volume and Cardiac Volume

Back

Anatomy and Physiology

Card 3

Front

What is partial pressure?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What is gaseous exchange?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

What is diffusion?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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