Gas Laws

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  • Created by: ravioli
  • Created on: 09-12-16 09:22
What is zero degrees Celsius in Kelvin?
273K
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State the properties of absolute zero.
1. No internal, kinetic or potential energies 2. 0K 3. -273 degrees Celsius
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What assumptions are taken into consideration when looking at Gas Laws
1. No gravity 2. No attractive or repulsive forces 3. No charge 4. No change in temperature 5. moles of gas is constant
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State Boyles Law
p = k/V therefore pressure is directly proportional to 1/volume
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State Charles' Law
V=kT therefore V and T are directly proportional to one another
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State Gay-Lussacs Law (the Pressure Law)
p=kT, therefore p and T are directly proportional to one another
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What equation do you get when combining the three gas laws?
PV/T = constant
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What is the equation for working out the no. of moles in a fluid using Avogadro's constant?
n=N (total no. of molecules) / Na (Avogadro's Constant)
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What is the equation for working out the no. of moles using mass?
n = Ms (mass)/ molar mass (M)
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How can you work out the molecular mass of a substance?
no. of moles x Avogadro's constant
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What is the ideal gas equation?
pV = nRT (for n moles) or pV = NkT (for N molecules)
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When does the ideal gas equation work well?
It works well at lower pressure and at high temperatures.
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How can you work out the work done using the above terms?
Work done = p*dV
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State the kinetic theory of gases
The kinetic theory of gases states that a gas consists of point molecules moving about in random motion.
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State the assumptions taken into consideration for the molecular kinetic theory model (continued on next flashcard)
A gas consists of point molecules moving randomly at all times 2. each collision exerts a force of the walls of the container 3. volume of molecules are negligible 4. they do not attract one another
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State the assumptions taken into consideration for the molecular kinetic theory model (continued from previous flashcard)
5. They move in a random motion 6. All collisions are elastic 7. the duration of the collisions are much smaller than the time between the collisions.
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What is meant by the Brownian motion of atoms
The random motion of particles in a fluid. They move like this due to the collisions that they have with other fast moving particles.
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What is the equation used to work out the Boltzmann constant?
k = R/Na
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What is the average molecular kinetc energy directly proportional to?
For a gas sample it is directly proportional to absolute temperature in an ideal gas.
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Using the kinetic theory for gases, explain why the pressure exerted by an ideal gas increases when it is heated at constant volume
the average speed of molecules increases. therefore there are more collisions per second and more momentum change per collision, causing there to be greater pressure on the container walls.
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Using the kinetic theory for gases, explain why the volume occupied by an ideal gas increases when it is heated at constant pressure
average speed of molecules increases. The faster molecules= more momentum change per collision, increasing p, if the V was kept constant. But, if the V was greater, there would be less collisions per s, so to maintain p, V must increase when heated.
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Write down the equation of state for n moles of an ideal gas
pV = nRT
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

1. No internal, kinetic or potential energies 2. 0K 3. -273 degrees Celsius

Back

State the properties of absolute zero.

Card 3

Front

1. No gravity 2. No attractive or repulsive forces 3. No charge 4. No change in temperature 5. moles of gas is constant

Back

Preview of the back of card 3

Card 4

Front

p = k/V therefore pressure is directly proportional to 1/volume

Back

Preview of the back of card 4

Card 5

Front

V=kT therefore V and T are directly proportional to one another

Back

Preview of the back of card 5
View more cards

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