Gas exchange

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Why are Gill fillaments useful?
They are useful as they are thin plates, which therefore give a large surface area.
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Where is the gas exchange system located in fish?
In the Gills.
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What is the name given to the thin layer of cells in the gills?
Lamellae
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What are two things gas exchange surfaces have in common?
Large surface area & Thin
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Why is a steep concentration gradient maintained across the surface?
Because it increases the rate of diffusion
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Explain briefly the counter-current system?
This is when water with a high conc. of oxygen flows next to blood with a low conc. of oxygen, therefore creating a steep concentration gradient between water and blood. Water diffuses between water and blood.
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Where are mesophyll cells located?
Inside the leaf
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What is the name given to the pores in the epidermis?
Stomata
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In dicotyledonous plants, where do substances/gases move in and out of?
Stomata
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What is the purpose of a guard cell in gas exchange?
They control the opening and closing of the stomata.
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Define Trachea.
air-filled pipes
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What do trachea branch of into?
Tracheoles
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where does air move into the trachea through?
Spiracles
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How is air moved in and out of the spiracles?
By rhythmic abdominal movements
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How is c02 released into the atmosphere by insects?
The c02 moves down its own concentration gradient towards the spiracles, to be released into the atompshere.
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Spiracles are pores on the....
Trachea
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How do single celled organisms exchange gases?
They releases gases via diffusion, throygh cell-surface membranes.
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Why do single celled organisms not require a specialized gas exchange system?
Because they have a large surface ara and thin surface, which creates a short pathway for diffusion.
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How do insects control water loss?
They close their spiracles and also, they have a waxy cuticle and hairs around their spiracles which reduces evapouration
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Guard cells become turgid when...
Plants are loosing too much water
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Guard cells become flaccid when...
Plants are dehydrated.
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When do guard cells open the stomatal pore?
When plans are loosing too much water.
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

Where is the gas exchange system located in fish?

Back

In the Gills.

Card 3

Front

What is the name given to the thin layer of cells in the gills?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What are two things gas exchange surfaces have in common?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

Why is a steep concentration gradient maintained across the surface?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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