the global shift is the relocation of the global economic centre from Western countries to the East/Asia. shift in manufacturing to China and services to India
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WHAT HAS THE GLOBAL SHIFT BEEN DRIVEN BY
improvements in transport+communications, lowering of trade barriers and economic liberalisation, opening up to FDI. less regulation in Asia and larger cheaper workforce
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BENEFITS OF GLOBAL SHIFT
waged work-factories provide reliable regular wages. poverty reduction-tncs often pay more than elsewhere, education and training-improve productivity,income tax,govt investment. infrastructure- roads,airports attracts fdi
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DISADVANTAGES OF GLOBAL SHIFT
poor working conditions- exploitation and child labour. loss of productive land. air,water,noise pollution
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ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS AS A RESULT OF GLOBALISATION
air+water pollution, land degradation, exploitation of resources, loss of biodiversity. AIR POLLUTION IN CHINA 50% of China's rivers and lakes and 40% of its groundwater is polluted.
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DEINDUSTRIALISATION
the closure of manufacturing industries such as steel, coal mines and ship building. leads to falling populations, dereliction, crime unemployment. positive could be less pollution
rural - urban migration (responsible for 60% of megacity growth. high birth rates (responsible for around 40% of mega city growth)
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CHALLENGES OF GROWING MEGA CITIES
strain on services, overcrowding-slums, rising crime rates, poor sanitation, congestion-air pollution, informal sector jobs-lack of taxes
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INTERNATIONAL MIGRATION
elite international migrants - highly skilled/very wealthy people. economic international migrants - lowly skilled, work for v little and in a particular industry, can fill skills gaps but also cause over crowding.
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BENEFITS OF INTERNATIONAL MIGRATION
SOURCE-remittance payments, reduced service spending as population declines. HOST - fills skill gaps, more spending in economy, young migrants balance ageing population, businesses have a larger pool of potential employees+customers
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COSTS OF INTERNATIONAL MIGRATION
SOURCE- brain drain, ageing population, decline in services-negative multiplier. HOST- racial tensions, strain on services, lack of housing-house price inflation, overcrowding, informal economy, pollution
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CULTURAL DIFFUSION
exchange of ideas between diff people as they mix and interact as a result of globalisation. migrants move and spread ideas, tourism brings people in contact w diff cultures, TNCs advertise around the world, global media organisations (Disney,BBC,CNN
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IMPACTS OF WESTERN CULTURAL DIFFUSION
DIET-fatty, sugary fast foods(KFC, Mcds) linked to ↑ obesity in emerging countries. FAST FASHION-one of the biggest polluters-deforestation+ excessive water use, air+ water pollution. CONSUMERISM-waste. IMPROVED OPPORTUNITIES- women, LGBT, paralympic
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CULTURAL EROSION
communities that are exposed to a new culture suddenly can face reduction to their own culture. loss of language. traditional food, music, clothes and social relations. results in changes in built+natural environment
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HOW DOES CULTURAL EROSION AFFECT THE BUILT AND NATURAL ENVIRONMENT
type of housing - traditional wooden houses changed for bricks. natural environment - viewed as a resource for economic growth and higher income-over exploitation of resources and species hunted to extinction.
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OPPOSITION TO GLOBALISATION
increased consumption - exploiting environment (deforestation, pollution, biodiversity loss. exploitation - low wages, dangerous conditions. capitalisation - political and economic power in the hands of TNCs not govt. inequality. cultural erosion.
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
WHAT HAS THE GLOBAL SHIFT BEEN DRIVEN BY
Back
improvements in transport+communications, lowering of trade barriers and economic liberalisation, opening up to FDI. less regulation in Asia and larger cheaper workforce
Card 3
Front
BENEFITS OF GLOBAL SHIFT
Back
Card 4
Front
DISADVANTAGES OF GLOBAL SHIFT
Back
Card 5
Front
ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS AS A RESULT OF GLOBALISATION
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