Further Biology (B3)

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What does the phloem do?
It transports food substances.
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Name four plant organs.
1) Stem. 2) Leaf. 3) Root. 4) Flower.
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What does the xylem do?
It transports water and dissolved minerals.
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Name three types of animal tissues.
1) Muscle. 2) Glandular. 3) Epithelial.
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Name three factors that affect the rate of diffusion.
1) Distance. 2) Concentration gradient. 3) Surface area.
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What is diffusion?
The movement of particles from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration.
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Name one feature of a sperm's specialised structure that helps it to do its job.
1) Long tail. 2) Streamlined shape. 3) Head that contains an enzyme to help penetrate into the egg cell. 4) It's packed with mitochondria for energy.
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Name two things about the muscle cell's specialised structure that helps it to do its job.
1) Thin. 2) Full of proteins (to make it contract).
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Name two things about the blood cell's specialised structure that helps it to do its job.
1) No nucleus. 2) Large surface area.
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What is the job of the epidermal tissue?
It protects the plant organs.
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Name the parts of a typical plant cell.
1) Cell membrane. 2) Nucleus. 3) Cytoplasm. 4) Mitochondria. 5) Chloroplast. 6) Vacuole. 7) Cell wall.
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Name the parts of a typical animal cell.
1) Nucleus. 2) Cytoplasm. 3) Cell membrane. 4) Mitochondria.
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What do bacterial cells have instead of a nucleus?
A loop of DNA.
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Why do plant cells need a cell wall?
To stop the cell from bursting.
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What is the function of ribosomes?
To make proteins.
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What is carbohydrase?
An enzyme that catalyses the breakdown of large carbohydrate molecules into sugar molecules.
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What are cappillaries?
Small blood vessels with very thin walls and narrow diameters. Capillaries allow exchange of substances between cells and blood.
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What is blood?
1) Tissues specialised for transport of substances including oxygen and carbon dioxide. 2) It is made up of white blood cells, platelets and red blood cells.
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What is breathing?
The movement of the rib cage and diaphragm that causes air to enter and leave the lungs.
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What is biofuel?
Fuel such as wood or ethanol, taken from biological materials that absorb carbon dioxide whilst growing.
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What is battery farming?
Rearing large numbers of animals in small spaces to maximise efficiency of production.
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What is a balanced diet?
A diet that has the right amount of nutrients and gives you energy.
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What is bacteria?
A single-celled microorganism.
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What is auxin?
Plant hormones that cause shoots to bend.
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What are artia?
The upper chambers of the heart that receive blood from veins.
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What is active transport?
The process that can move substances across cell membranes from low concentration to high concentration.
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What is adaption?
A feature that helps an animal/plant to survive.
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What is addiction?
When the body is dependent on a drug and will not function properly without it.
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What is adult cell cloning?
Removing the nucleus from an unfertilised egg and replacing it with the nucleus from another cell taken from an adult organism. The resulting cell can develop into a new individual.
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What is aerobic respiration?
When oxygen is used.
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What is an allele?
A different version of the same gene.
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What is aveolus?
A structure in the lung that provides a large surface area with an extensive network of capillaries to carry out gaseous exchange.
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What are amino acids?
Molecules containing carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen and oxygen. Many amino acids join together to make a protein.
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What is amylase?
An enzyme that catalyses the breakdown of starch to sugar molecules.
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What is anaerobic respiration?
Not using oxygen.
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

Name four plant organs.

Back

1) Stem. 2) Leaf. 3) Root. 4) Flower.

Card 3

Front

What does the xylem do?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

Name three types of animal tissues.

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

Name three factors that affect the rate of diffusion.

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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