Fractional distillation 5.0 / 5 based on 1 rating ? ChemistryFRACTIONAL DISTILLATIONGCSEEdexcel Created by: Jazzy15Created on: 20-03-19 11:12 What is fractional distillation used for ? To separate crude oil into simpler, more useful mixtures 1 of 25 How can crude oil be separated ? By fractional distillation 2 of 25 The different hydrocarbons have different what ? BOILING POINTS 3 of 25 Why is oil heated ? To evaporate it 4 of 25 What do the vapours do ? They rise in a fractionating column 5 of 25 What does each fraction do ? Condenses where it becomes cool enough, and is piped out of the column. 6 of 25 What do the gases fraction do and don't ? It does leave at the top - does not condense 7 of 25 What does the bitumen fraction do and don't ? It does leave at the top - does not evaporate 8 of 25 The other fractions are liquid at ? Room temp 9 of 25 What is a fraction ? It is a mixture of hydrocarbons with similar boiling points and numbers of carbon atoms. 10 of 25 Substances with a low viscosity are ? 'runny' 11 of 25 What does viscosity mean ? the state of being thick 12 of 25 Substances with a high viscosity are ? 'thick' 13 of 25 As the no of carbon hydrogen atoms in a hydrogen molecule increases the (point 1 strength of intermolecular forces increases 14 of 25 As the no of carbon hydrogen atoms in a hydrogen molecule increases the (point 2) more energy must be transferred to overcome these forces 15 of 25 As the no of carbon hydrogen atoms in a hydrogen molecule increases the (point 3) the boiling point increases 16 of 25 What is the use of gases ? domestic heating and cooking 17 of 25 What is the use of petrol ? fuel for cars 18 of 25 What is the use of kerosene ? fuel for aircraft 19 of 25 What is the use of diesel oil ? fuel for some cars and trains 20 of 25 What is the use of bitumen ? surfacing roads and roofs 21 of 25 Most of the hydrocarbons from crude oil are ? alkanes 22 of 25 What are alkanes ? A homologous series of saturated compounds 23 of 25 Suggest 2 reasons to explain why bitumen is not suitable for use as a fuel Not very flammable - it has a high viscosity 24 of 25 Describe how crude oil is separated into fractions by fractional distillation Oil is evaporated - passed into a column, which is hot at the bottom + cool at top + hydrocarbons rise and cool + condense at different heights 25 of 25
Comments
No comments have yet been made