Foundation Chemistry Definitions 0.0 / 5 ? ChemistryFoundation ChemistryA2/A-levelOCR Created by: That Vet StudentCreated on: 22-11-21 21:38 Atomic Number number of protons in an atom 1 of 26 Mass Number number protons and neutrons in an atom 2 of 26 Isotopes an atom with the same number of protons and electrons but a different number of neutrons 3 of 26 Relative Isotopic Mass the mass of an isotope of an element relative to 1/12th of the mass of an atom of carbon 12 4 of 26 Relative Atomic Mass the average mass of atoms of an element relative to 1/12th of the mass of an atom of carbon 12 5 of 26 Mole one mole is the amount of substance that contains as many particles as there are in exactly 12g of carbon 12 6 of 26 Empirical Formula simplest whole number ratio of atoms of each element in a compound 7 of 26 Molecular Formula number of atoms of each element in a molecule 8 of 26 Stoichiometry the relative number of moles of reactants and products involved in a reaction 9 of 26 Theoretical Yield the number of moles expected if the reactants were completely converted into products 10 of 26 Actual Yield the actual number of moles of product formed in the reaction 11 of 26 Atom Economy a measure of the efficiency of a reaction in terms of the atoms involved 12 of 26 Hydrated Salt a salt which contains water 13 of 26 Anhydrous when hydrated salts are heated and the water is driven off 14 of 26 Concentration the number of moles of solute dissolved in one mole dm^3 of solution 15 of 26 Oxidising Agent an electron acceptor: in a redox reaction it is reduced 16 of 26 Reducing Agent an electron donor: in a redox reaction it is oxidised 17 of 26 Oxidation Number the number of electrons involved when an atom forms a bond 18 of 26 Orbital a region which can hold a maximum of two electrons with opposite spins 19 of 26 First Ionisation Energy the energy change when each atom in one mole of gaseous atoms loses an electron 20 of 26 Metallic Bonding the attraction between positive metal ions (cations) and the sea of delocalised electrons 21 of 26 Ionic Bonding the strong electrostatic attraction between oppositely charged ions 22 of 26 Covalent Bonding the electrostatic attraction between a shared pair of electrons and the nuclei of the bonded atoms 23 of 26 Dative Bonding (coordinate bonding) a covalent in which both electrons of the shared pair come from the same atom 24 of 26 Electronegativity the ability of an atom to attract the bonding electrons in a covalent bond 25 of 26 Bond Polarity when one atom in a covalent bond is more electronegative than the other, the electrons are shared unequally 26 of 26
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