Forensic Biology - Intro to cell

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  • Created by: aarafa11
  • Created on: 20-05-20 01:20
When was the importance of cells recognised
1830's
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What did Pasteur disprove in 1860's
That cells do not form spontaneously
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Who laid the modern cell theory
Schwann and Schleiden in 1830’s and Virchow in 1850’s
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What did the modern cell theory propose
All living matter is composed of cells; All cells arise from other cells; All metabolic reactions of an organism take place in cells; Cells contain the hereditary information of which they are a part and this is passed from parent to daughter cells
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What are the 5 kingdoms
Monera; protista; fungi; plantae; animalia
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What is included in prokaryotic cells
bacteria; blue/green algae
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What is included in eukaryotic
animal; plants; protist; fungi
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What is bacteria
simple cellular; has cell membrane, cell wall & DNA; Binary fission reproduction (asexual) - splitting of cells;
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Which species of bacteria form endospores
Bacillus sp. and Clostridium sp.
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What does a bacteria contain
no membrane bound organells; – DNA free in nucleoid region; plasmids; 70 ribosome; peptidoglycan cell wall; cell membrane; flagellum; pilli
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What are the shapes of bacteria
bacilli; diplococci; streptococci; staphylococci; vibrio; spirilla
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example of bacilli shaped bacteria
Anthrax (Bacillus anthracis)
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example of diplococci shaped bacteria
Neisseria gonorrhoeae; meningitidis
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example of diplococci shaped bacteria
Streptococcus pyogenes; Puerperal fever (sepsis after childbirth); Scarlet fever; Gas gangrene; Necrotising fasciitis; Strep throat
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example of staphylococci shaped bacteria
Staphylococcus aureus; Serious infections (such as surgical wound infections and pneumonia); MRSA - methicillin-resistant
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example of vibrio shaped bacteria
. Vibrio cholerae Cholera. Can kill within 2-3 hours
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example of spirilla shaped bacteria
Leptospira interrogans - Weil’s disease; Treponema pallidum - Syphilis
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what does a eukaryotic animal cell contain
vesicles; lysosomes; mitochondria; plasma membrane; SER; RER; nucleus; nucleolus; cytoplams; golgi body
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Types of organells
nucleus; RER; SER: lysomes; golgi body; mitochondria
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What causes motility
flagella or cilia (small flagella)
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What is important about motility
9 + 2 arrangement of protein microtubules; Protein - Tubulin; Whip-like action
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What does a flagella/ cillia contain
plasma, membrane; 8 peripheral doublet tubles; 2 central tubles; basal body
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What is important about motility of a cillia
Same structure as flagella; Many of them; Move cell – Protists; Move substances - Animals
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What is a protist cell
not in a distinct kingdom; similar characteristic to eukaryotic ; many unicellular; can be photosythetic, predatory or both; Lacking mobility, possessing flagella or cilia or amoeboid movement
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What are the similar organelles found in animal cells and plant cells
Mitochondria, Endoplasmic Reticulum, Nucleus
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What are the different organelles found in animal cells and plant cells
P) cell wall- cellulose; lack lysosomes; Vacuole bound by Tonoplast – nutrient storage area and recycling centre; Chloroplasts
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What organelles can be found in a plant cell
cell wall; plasma membrane; nucleus; mitochondria; nucleolus; tonoplast (membrane around the vacuole; vacuole
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What is a fungal cell
single celled (yeast) / giant multicellular organism (made of hyphae); associated with disease alternate between single & multiple celled forms
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How are fungal cells similar to animal cells
no chloroplasts, carbohydrate stored as glycogen; no flagella/cillia
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What are the difference in organelles in fungal cell and animal cells
F) Cell wall made of polysaccharide Chitin; polynucleate – have two or more nuclei; Cells separated by perforated septa - but not always present, i.e. no barrier between cells
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What does the hyphae contain
nucleus; plasma membrane; cytoplasm; pore; cell wall; septum
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What organelles can be found in a simplifies yeast cell
vesicles; golgi body; cytoplasm; nucleus; nucleolus; RER; SER; vocuole; plasma membrane; cell wall; mitochondria; lysosomes
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Structure of a virus
capsid; envelope; spike;( genome; tail; tail fibres)
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What is a capsid on a virus
a protein coat
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What is a envelope on a virus
phospholipid by-layer, not always present
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What is a spike on a virus
glycoprotein – attach to receptor site on host cell
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What is the life cycle of a virus
lysis - absorption - penetration - DNA replication - complete virus
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That cells do not form spontaneously

Card 3

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Who laid the modern cell theory

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Card 4

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What did the modern cell theory propose

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Card 5

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What are the 5 kingdoms

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