Forensic Biology - Bioenergetic

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  • Created by: aarafa11
  • Created on: 27-05-20 00:44
What are the stages of cellular respiration
Glycolysis; Kreb’s citric acid cycle (TCA cycle); Electron transport chain
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Where does glycolysis occur
cytoplasm
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Where does Kreb's cycle occur
Mintochondria
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Where does electron transfer chain occur
Mitochondria
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What occurs in glycolysis
Glucose ‘split’ into 2 X pyruvate molecules; ATP synthesised; NAD+ reduced to NADH
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What occurs in Kreb's cycle
pyruvate broken down; CO2 produced; ATP synthesised; NAD+ reduced to NADH; FAD reduced to FADH2
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What occurs in electron tranfser chain
NADH & FADH2 oxidised back to NAD & FAD; H2O produced
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Where did the electron tranfser chain get NADH & FADH2 from
NADH from glycolysis and Kreb's cycle; FADH2 from Kreb's cycle;
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Where does pyruvic acid go
Depends on level of oxygen that is present; If oxygen is present in sufficient levels, it then enters the Kreb’s cycle
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What is the final product from the Kreb's cycle
2 ATP - 8 NADH - 2 FADH2
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What happens to electrons in the electron tranfser chain
2e- from redox of NADH/FADH2; 2e- through chain with redox; some energy lost to synthesis ATP
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How many electron is lost from NADH in the electron tranfser chain to synthesis ATP
2e- to form 3 ATP
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How many electron is lost from FADH2 in the electron tranfser chain to synthesis ATP
2e- to form 2 ATP
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What does the structure of a mitochondria contain
ribosome; matrix; dna; outer membrane; atp synthase; inner membrane; cristae; cristal membrane
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Chemiosmotic mechanism of ATP synthesis
H+ pumps use energy from e- transport to pump H+ into the intermembrane space; high H+ conc. on 1 side so H+ diffuses down gradient through ATP synthase
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How to get resipiratory poison
Blocking the electron transfer chain or uncoupling the ATP synthesis off it using some chemicals
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How does cyanide block the electron transfer chain
- bind tightly to Cytochrome a3 (the last electron carrying molecule); Blocking the chain stops the oxidation of NADH
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How does rotenone block the electron transfer chain
blocks electron transport in complex 1
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What are the chemicals that cause respiration poison
cyanide & retenone; TNT & DNP
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How does DNP uncoupling the ATP synthesis from the electron transfer chain
transports H+ across the mitochondrial membrane; dispersing the chemiosmotic gradient; respiration continues but no ATP produced from chain; Disperses the H+ conc. across the thylakoid membrane too – effective pesticide
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What was originally DNP (2,4-di-NitroPhenol) used for
diet pill 1920’s
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What was the side effects of DNP (2,4-di-NitroPhenol)
Yellowing of the skin; Dizziness/weakness; Death
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What is the problem with anaerobic respiration in the Krebs cycle and in the electron transfer chain
Electron transport chain, NO OXYDATION OF NADH or FADH2 which won't go to glycolysis or the krebs cycle
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Number of ATP produced from NADH in respiration
G= 2; K=8; Total=10 Resultant ATP = 30
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Number of ATP produced from FADH2 in respiration
G=0; K=2; Total=2; Resultant ATP = 4
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Number of direct ATP produced in respiration
G=2; K=2; Total=4; Resultant ATP = 4
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

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Where does glycolysis occur

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cytoplasm

Card 3

Front

Where does Kreb's cycle occur

Back

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Card 4

Front

Where does electron transfer chain occur

Back

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Card 5

Front

What occurs in glycolysis

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