Strained as England was surrounded by France and Scotland who had the Auld Alliance.
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1541, what meeting failed?
The meeting between Henry and James V of Scotland. Henry went to York, but James never turned up. Angering Henry, so he plotted revenge.
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What else happened in 1541?
End of the Franco-Habsburg alliance, so in 1542 Henry and Charles arranged to attack France the following summer of 1543.
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When did Henry attack Scotland?
October 1542. Duke of Norfolk led.
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When was the Battle of Solway Moss?
23rd November 1542.
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Who won the Battle of Solway Moss?
Decisive victory for the English. 18,000 against roughly 3,000. James V died two weeks after.
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Who succeeded James V?
Mary Queen of Scots.
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Why did Henry delay the French campaign for a year?
The door was open for Henry to gain clear and permanent control of Scotland
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Why was the Scotland plan a failure?
Was a lot of money spent on the wars of Scotland which led to the debasement of coins. Secondly, the Scottish hated the English so they completely resisted any change.
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Why did the attack on France in 1544 fail?
Henry and his army lacked deicisiveness, so they lacked speed. Also the age of Hernry and the Dukes- Norfolk and Somerset- limited them.
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Why was success also unlikely initially?
Because there was a lack of trust between Charles and Henry.
11 of 20
Norfolk unsuccessfully besieged Montreuil, but what did Henry capture?
Bolougne in September 1544, the same day (18th) that Charles made peace with France.
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What did Henry do with Boulogne?
Garrisoned and rebuilt to withstand French attacks. In 1544 the cost of its maintenance was £130,000
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What was the total cost of the French campaign?
£1,000,000
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When was France's counter attack?
1545
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What was lost in the counter attack?
Henry's pride and joy, the Mary Rose with 500 men aboard.
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What peace treaty was made in 1546?
Treaty of Ardres
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What did the peace treaty conclude?
Peace between French and England. England could keep Boulogne, received a French pension and Henry was acknowledged as the Head of the Church in England.
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Why was Charles an unreliable ally?
Made a separate peace treaty, the Treaty of Crepy with France.
19 of 20
How was Henry's foreign policy in 1540 carried out?
He dictated it, personally. He ignored pleads for peace from councillors.
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
1541, what meeting failed?
Back
The meeting between Henry and James V of Scotland. Henry went to York, but James never turned up. Angering Henry, so he plotted revenge.
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