Food Sovereignty

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What majority of malnourished people are smallholders?
1/2. More than this rely on other smallholders for food security. (FAO,2015)
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How many smallholders are there globally?
2.5 billion farmers on 500 million smallholdings
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What is the profile for a typical small scale food provider?
Produce food for themselves + local markets under harsh conditions; little external support; mostly women; lack of storage facilities-excess produce sold shortly after harvesting; low cash income; dependence: buy food @market prices (DeSchutter, 2009
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What agrosystem shift might be an underpinning factor in increasing incidence of hunger?
Shift from small scale to industrial model of production= labour efficiency=less work=increased rural poverty- more people unable to buy even cheap food.
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What are some of the issues with the definition of food security?
Describes a goal but not the how to get there; not legally binding.
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What is the strategy usually used by policy makers to address food security?
Aggregating of food production- either trade-based or shift to large scale industrial farms
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What is the problem with large scale production??
Model is associated with soil degradation, increasing poverty
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Why is support for large scale production negatively affecting the scientific support for smallholder farms?
Research is strongly biased for large scale commercial farms- not for versatile crops etc
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What has happened in Paraguay and Guatemala and what has been the impacts of this?
Monoculture expansion- displaced communities, undermined smallholder livelihoods and worsened local food security
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Why are policies often not in favour of the smallholder production method?
Smallholders and their modes of social organisation are perceived as obsolete and inefficient (Pokarmy et al, Forest Policy and Economics, 2013)
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What are some of the arguments in favour of food sovereignty?
Global food system has failed to feed and protect the livelihoods of poor food producers; food security problems= complex- need more specific/local interventions.
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What is La Via Campesina?
International peasant's movement- Organisation/coalition of 300 million members representing small scale food providers
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What are the 6 principles of food sovereignty set by La Via Campesina?
Focus on food for people; put control locally; value food providers; builds knowledge and skills; localises food systems; works with nature
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What is globalised localism?
Rural social movements attempting to localise and internationalise at the same time
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What are some potential problems with the concept of food soverrighty?
Not a comprehensive concept; insufficient focus on institutional frameworks and laws e.g. land reform, very slow to change- faster to just enforce the right to adequate food?; not enough contribution to gender equality- more support for women needed
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Why is it important to address other policy areas such as gender equality when attempting to increase food sovereignty?
In some countries- land ownership is granted with titles and women are not given ownership- therefore reliant upon the nearest male relative for food and unable to grow food on their own land. If husbands/fathers/brothers die- may be displaced.
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What are the contrasts between security and sovereignty?
Could be a case of charity v.s control. Security= ensuring people have the nutrition and calories needed for survival via any method e.g. food aid. Sovereignty- ensures both consumption of traditional/preferred foods +small scale community prosperity
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What are the advantages of using human rights to frame claims to the rights to food?
Turns claims into universal and legitimate demands. Facilitates integration of multiple ideologies.
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What are some of the challenges with using human rights to frame claims?
May promote unrealistic expectations/generate conflict; rights may be very western/liberal/individual; may undermine social solidarity/appreciation for the public good.
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What are some ecological arguements for small scale farming?
Traditional small farms= landscape mosaics of rich biological diversity (Toledo, 1990); locally produced food= less transport and reduced greenhouse gas emissions; often less intensive-fewer environmental externalities
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Provide a case study of a movement that has seen other social benefits aside from increasing food sovereignty?
Food Secure Canada,2006- national forum: enable idea sharing by indigenous peoples of Canada (among poorest groups & least healthy):reserves on poor land- cut off from traditional lands. cultural genocide. Now re-establishing culture+food sovereignty
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Card 2

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How many smallholders are there globally?

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2.5 billion farmers on 500 million smallholdings

Card 3

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What is the profile for a typical small scale food provider?

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Card 4

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What agrosystem shift might be an underpinning factor in increasing incidence of hunger?

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Card 5

Front

What are some of the issues with the definition of food security?

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